{"id":2308,"date":"2026-05-29T21:47:53","date_gmt":"2026-05-29T21:47:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vkrastev1blog.com\/?p=2308"},"modified":"2026-05-29T21:48:41","modified_gmt":"2026-05-29T21:48:41","slug":"questions-and-informations-prepairing-for-java-developer-job-interview","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vkrastev1blog.com\/2026\/05\/29\/questions-and-informations-prepairing-for-java-developer-job-interview\/","title":{"rendered":"Jaut\u0101jumi un inform\u0101cija, gatavojoties Java Developer darba intervijai"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Kas ir SOLID principi?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kas ir vienotas atbild\u012bbas princips (SRP):<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klasei j\u0101b\u016bt tikai vienai atbild\u012bbai.
Tam vajadz\u0113tu b\u016bt tikai vienam iemeslam main\u012bties.
Ieguvumi ietver viegl\u0101ku test\u0113\u0161anu, zem\u0101ku savienojumu un lab\u0101ku organiz\u0101ciju.
Piem\u0113rs:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Java<\/p>\n\n\n\n

publiska klase gr\u0101mata {
priv\u0101ts String nosaukums;
priv\u0101ts St\u012bgu autors;
priv\u0101ts String teksts;
\/\/ konstruktori, ieguv\u0113ji un iestat\u012bt\u0101ji
}<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kas ir atv\u0113rtais-sl\u0113gtais princips (OCP):<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Programmat\u016bras ent\u012btij\u0101m (klas\u0113m, modu\u013ciem, funkcij\u0101m) j\u0101b\u016bt atv\u0113rt\u0101m papla\u0161in\u0101\u0161anai, bet aizv\u0113rt\u0101m modific\u0113\u0161anai.
Sasniedziet to, izmantojot saskarnes, abstraktas klases un mantojumu.
Piem\u0113rs:
Java<\/p>\n\n\n\n

saskarnes forma {
dubult\u0101 zona ();
}
klase Aplis realiz\u0113 Shape { \/* ievie\u0161anu \/ } klase Taisnst\u016bris realiz\u0113 Shape { \/<\/em> ievie\u0161ana *\/ }<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kas ir Liskova aizst\u0101\u0161anas princips (LSP):<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Apak\u0161tipiem ir j\u0101b\u016bt aizst\u0101jamiem ar to b\u0101zes tipiem, nemainot programmas pareiz\u012bbu.
Seko “is-a” attiec\u012bb\u0101m.
Piem\u0113rs:
Java<\/p>\n\n\n\n

klase Putnu { \/* izplat\u012bta putnu uzved\u012bba \/ } klase Zvirbulis pagarina Putnu { \/<\/em> \u012bpa\u0161a zvirbu\u013ca uzved\u012bba *\/ }<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kas ir saskarnes segreg\u0101cijas princips (ISP):<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klientus nevajadz\u0113tu piespiest b\u016bt atkar\u012bgiem no saskarn\u0113m, kuras vi\u0146i neizmanto.
Sadaliet lielas saskarnes maz\u0101k\u0101s, konkr\u0113t\u0101k\u0101s.
Piem\u0113rs:
Java<\/p>\n\n\n\n

interfeisa darbinieks {
tuk\u0161s darbs ();
}
interfeiss Eater {
void eat();
}
klase Robots ievie\u0161 Worker { \/* implement\u0101ciju *\/}<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kas ir atkar\u012bbas inversijas princips (DIP):<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Augsta l\u012bme\u0146a modu\u013ciem nevajadz\u0113tu b\u016bt atkar\u012bgiem no zema l\u012bme\u0146a modu\u013ciem; abiem j\u0101b\u016bt atkar\u012bgiem no abstrakcij\u0101m.
Abstrakcijas nedr\u012bkst b\u016bt atkar\u012bgas no deta\u013c\u0101m; deta\u013c\u0101m j\u0101b\u016bt atkar\u012bg\u0101m no abstrakcij\u0101m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\/\/ Abstrakcija
interfeiss MessageSender {
void sendMessage(String message);
}<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\/\/ Augsta l\u012bme\u0146a modulis
class NotificationService {
priv\u0101ts MessageSender messageSender;<\/p>\n\n\n

\n\t
\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\n
\n
public NotificationService(MessageSender messageSender) {<\/div>
    this.messageSender = messageSender;<\/div>
}<\/div>
<\/div>
public void send(String message) {<\/div>
    messageSender.sendMessage(message);<\/div>
}<\/div><\/code><\/pre>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
}<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\/\/ Zema l\u012bme\u0146a modulis
class EmailSender ievie\u0161 MessageSender {
@Override
public void sendMessage(String message) {
System.out.println(“E-pasta s\u016bt\u012b\u0161ana: ” + zi\u0146ojums);
}
}<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\/\/ V\u0113l viens zema l\u012bme\u0146a modulis
class SmsSender ievie\u0161 MessageSender {
@Override
public void sendMessage(String message) {
System.out.println(“S\u016bta SMS: ” + zi\u0146ojums);
}
}<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\/\/ Galven\u0101 klase
publiska klase Galven\u0101 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
\/\/ Izmantojiet EmailSender
MessageSender emailSender = new EmailSender();
NotificationService notificationService1 = jauns pazi\u0146ojumu pakalpojums(e-pasta s\u016bt\u012bt\u0101js);
NotificationService1.send(“Sveiki pa e-pastu!”);<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \/\/ Use SmsSender\n    MessageSender smsSender = new SmsSender();\n    NotificationService notificationService2 = new NotificationService(smsSender);\n    notificationService2.send("Hello via SMS!");\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
}<\/p>\n\n\n\n
MessageSender interfeiss kalpo k\u0101 abstrakcija.
Augsta l\u012bme\u0146a modulis NotificationService ir atkar\u012bgs no \u0161\u012bs abstrakcijas, nevis no konkr\u0113t\u0101m implement\u0101cij\u0101m.
Zema l\u012bme\u0146a modu\u013ci, piem\u0113ram, EmailSender un SmsSender, ar\u012b ir atkar\u012bgi no abstrakcijas, ievie\u0161ot MessageSender saskarni.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kas ir SQL normaliz\u0101cija<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kas ir Normaliz\u0101cija?
Normaliz\u0101cija ietver datu struktur\u0113\u0161anu rel\u0101ciju datu b\u0101z\u0113, lai nov\u0113rstu anom\u0101lijas, piem\u0113ram, dubl\u0113\u0161anu.
Tas sadala lielas, sare\u017e\u0123\u012btas tabulas maz\u0101k\u0101s, vienlaikus saglab\u0101jot datu attiec\u012bbas.
K\u0101p\u0113c normaliz\u0101cija ir svar\u012bga?
Samazina dubl\u0113\u0161anos: sadalot datus maz\u0101k\u0101s tabul\u0101s, m\u0113s izvair\u0101mies no vienas un t\u0101s pa\u0161as inform\u0101cijas glab\u0101\u0161anas vair\u0101kas reizes.
Uzlabo vaic\u0101juma veiktsp\u0113ju: maz\u0101kas normaliz\u0113tas tabulas nodro\u0161ina \u0101tr\u0101ku vaic\u0101jumu izpildi.
Samazina atjaunin\u0101\u0161anas anom\u0101lijas: atjaunin\u0101jumus var veikt, neietekm\u0113jot citus ierakstus.
Uzlabo datu integrit\u0101ti: nodro\u0161ina konsekventus un prec\u012bzus datus.
Normaliz\u0101cijas scen\u0101riji:
Datu integrit\u0101te: nov\u0113rsiet neatbilst\u012bbas, atjauninot datus (piem\u0113ram, klienta vecuma izmai\u0146as).
Efekt\u012bva vaic\u0101\u0161ana: vienk\u0101r\u0161ojiet sare\u017e\u0123\u012btus vaic\u0101jumus, sadalot datus.
Kr\u0101tuves optimiz\u0101cija: nov\u0113rsiet nevajadz\u012bgu dubl\u0113\u0161anu, lai ietaup\u012btu vietu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kas ir mikropakalpojumu monol\u012bts?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kas ir monol\u012bts?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Monol\u012bta lietojumprogramma ir veidota k\u0101 viena, vienota vien\u012bba. Tas cie\u0161i savieno visus komponentus (piem\u0113ram, klienta puses lietot\u0101ja saskarni, datu b\u0101zi un servera puses lietojumprogrammu) vien\u0101 koda b\u0101z\u0113.
Priek\u0161roc\u012bbas:
Vienk\u0101r\u0161a izvieto\u0161ana: t\u0101 k\u0101 tas ir viens izpild\u0101ms fails vai direktorijs, izvieto\u0161ana ir vienk\u0101r\u0161a.
Att\u012bst\u012bbas \u0101trums: projekta dz\u012bves s\u0101kum\u0101 monol\u012bti \u013cauj \u0101tri att\u012bst\u012bties to vienk\u0101r\u0161\u012bbas d\u0113\u013c.
Veiktsp\u0113ja: centraliz\u0113ts kods var apstr\u0101d\u0101t da\u017e\u0101das funkcijas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kas ir mikropakalpojumi?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mikropakalpojumi sadala lietojumprogrammu maz\u0101kos, neatkar\u012bgi izvietojamos pakalpojumos. Katrs pakalpojums ir v\u0113rsts uz noteiktu uz\u0146\u0113m\u0113jdarb\u012bbas jomu.
Priek\u0161roc\u012bbas:
M\u0113rogojam\u012bba: mikropakalpojumi \u013cauj m\u0113rogot atsevi\u0161\u0137us komponentus neatkar\u012bgi.
Elast\u012bgums: izstr\u0101d\u0101t\u0101ji katram pakalpojumam var izv\u0113l\u0113ties da\u017e\u0101das tehnolo\u0123ijas.
Izol\u0101cija: k\u013c\u016bmes vien\u0101 pakalpojum\u0101 neietekm\u0113 citus.
Izaicin\u0101jumi:
Sare\u017e\u0123\u012bt\u012bba: vair\u0101ku pakalpojumu p\u0101rvald\u012bbai ir nepiecie\u0161ama sp\u0113c\u012bga or\u0137estr\u0113\u0161ana.
Network Overhead: sazi\u0146a starp pakalpojumiem ievie\u0161 latentumu.
Izvieto\u0161anas sare\u017e\u0123\u012bt\u012bba: atjaunin\u0101jumu koordin\u0113\u0161ana pakalpojumos var b\u016bt sare\u017e\u0123\u012bta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kas ir polimorfisms?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Metodes ignor\u0113\u0161ana:
Kad apak\u0161klase nodro\u0161ina \u012bpa\u0161u ievie\u0161anu metodei, kas jau ir defin\u0113ta t\u0101s virsklas\u0113.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Metodes p\u0101rslodze:
Ja klasei ir vair\u0101kas metodes ar t\u0101du pa\u0161u nosaukumu, bet at\u0161\u0137ir\u012bgiem parametriem (at\u0161\u0137ir\u012bgs argumentu skaits vai veidi).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ko izmanto priv\u0101tie konstruktori?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Priv\u0101tie konstruktori tiek izmantoti lietder\u012bbas klas\u0113s vai past\u0101v\u012bgaj\u0101s klas\u0113s.
\u0160\u012bs klases satur tikai statiskas metodes vai dal\u012bbniekus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
— Izvair\u012b\u0161an\u0101s no apak\u0161klases<\/p>\n\n\n\n
— Konstruktora deleg\u0101cija:
Priv\u0101tie konstruktori pie\u013cauj konstruktoru dele\u0123\u0113\u0161anu, kur konkr\u0113ti konstruktori izsauc kop\u012bgu priv\u0101to konstruktoru.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
— Singleton Pattern<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Par JVM<\/p>\n\n\n\n
–Kompil\u0101cija:
Kad kompil\u0113jat .java failu, Java kompilators \u0123ener\u0113 .class failus, kas satur baitkodu (starpposma att\u0113lojums).
Bytecode ir no platformas neatkar\u012bgs un var darboties jebkur\u0101 sist\u0113m\u0101 ar sader\u012bgu JVM.
–Klases iekr\u0101v\u0113ju apak\u0161sist\u0113ma:
Atbild\u012bgs par nodarb\u012bbu iel\u0101di atmi\u0146\u0101.
Lasa .class failus, \u0123ener\u0113 bin\u0101ros datus un saglab\u0101 tos metodes apgabal\u0101.
Izveido klases objektu, kas att\u0113lo iel\u0101d\u0113to klasi kaudzes atmi\u0146\u0101.
Piem\u0113rs: Students s1 = new Student(); Klase c1 = s1.getClass();
— Saist\u012b\u0161ana:
Sast\u0101v no trim so\u013ciem:
Verifik\u0101cija: nodro\u0161ina .class faila pareiz\u012bbu.
Sagatavo\u0161ana: pie\u0161\u0137ir atmi\u0146u klases main\u012bgajiem lielumiem un inicializ\u0113 tos.
Iz\u0161\u0137irtsp\u0113ja (neoblig\u0101ti): atrisina simboliskas atsauces uz cit\u0101m klas\u0113m vai metod\u0113m.
–Inicializ\u0101cija:
Izpilda statiskos inicializatorus (piem., statiskos blokus) un inicializ\u0113 statiskos main\u012bgos.
Gad\u012bjumu main\u012bgie tiek inicializ\u0113ti, kad tiek izveidots objekts.
–Izpildes dzin\u0113js:
P\u0101rv\u0113r\u0161 baitkodu ma\u0161\u012bnkod\u0101.
Ietver Just-In-Time (JIT) kompil\u0101ciju veiktsp\u0113jas optimiz\u0113\u0161anai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Rezum\u0113jot, JVM \u013cauj Java programm\u0101m darboties jebkur\u0101 viet\u0101, interpret\u0113jot baitu kodu un p\u0101rvaldot atmi\u0146u<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kas ir Privat abstrakt\u0101 metode?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
— Izmantojiet priv\u0101to meto\u017eu izmanto\u0161anas gad\u012bjumus abstrakt\u0101s nodarb\u012bb\u0101s:
Lai gan abstrakt\u0101s metodes nevar b\u016bt priv\u0101tas, varat izmantot priv\u0101t\u0101s metodes abstrakt\u0101 klas\u0113 da\u017e\u0101diem m\u0113r\u0137iem:
— Pal\u012bdz\u012bbas metodes: ieviesiet kop\u012bgu funkcionalit\u0101ti, ko izmanto citas metodes.
— Iekapsul\u0113\u0161ana: pasl\u0113piet ievie\u0161anas inform\u0101ciju no apak\u0161klas\u0113m.
—\u00a0Strukt\u016brai l\u012bdz\u012bgas klases: izveidojiet nelielas klases ar priv\u0101t\u0101m metod\u0113m, kas kalpo k\u0101 datu konteineri<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kas ir atkritumu sav\u0101c\u0113js?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
— Kaudzes atmi\u0146a:
Java objekti tiek izveidoti kaudz\u0113, speci\u0101l\u0101 atmi\u0146as apgabal\u0101.
Da\u017ei objekti k\u013c\u016bst nesasniedzami (programma vairs neatsaucas uz tiem).
–Atkritumu sav\u0101c\u0113js (GC):
GC identific\u0113 un dz\u0113\u0161 neizmantotos objektus, lai atbr\u012bvotu atmi\u0146u.
Tas darbojas autom\u0101tiski fon\u0101.
Divi veidi:
Neliela GC: no\u0146em neaizsniedzamus objektus jaunaj\u0101 paaudz\u0113.
Galven\u0101 GC (Full GC): not\u012bra vec\u0101s paaudzes objektus.
— Ieguvumi:
Izstr\u0101d\u0101t\u0101jiem objekti nav skaidri j\u0101dz\u0113\u0161.
GC nodro\u0161ina atmi\u0146as pieejam\u012bbu un nov\u0113r\u0161 OutOfMemoryErrors<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kas ir OOP?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u010cetri OOP principi:
— Iekapsul\u0113\u0161ana: datu (atrib\u016btu) un meto\u017eu (funkciju) apvieno\u0161ana klas\u0113, lai pasl\u0113ptu ievie\u0161anas inform\u0101ciju un nodro\u0161in\u0101tu t\u012bru saskarni.
– Mantojums: jaunu kla\u0161u izveide, pamatojoties uz eso\u0161aj\u0101m klas\u0113m, to atrib\u016btu un uzved\u012bbas p\u0101rmanto\u0161ana. Tas veicina koda atk\u0101rtotu izmanto\u0161anu.
— Polimorfisms: \u013cauj vien\u0101di apstr\u0101d\u0101t da\u017e\u0101du kla\u0161u objektus, izmantojot kop\u012bgu saskarni. Tas nodro\u0161ina elast\u012bbu un papla\u0161in\u0101m\u012bbu.
— Abstrakcija: koncentr\u0113\u0161an\u0101s uz b\u016btisk\u0101m iez\u012bm\u0113m, vienlaikus sl\u0113pjot nevajadz\u012bgas sare\u017e\u0123\u012bt\u012bbas. Abstrakcija vienk\u0101r\u0161o dizainu un padara to viegl\u0101k p\u0101rvald\u0101mu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kas ir ACID \u012bpa\u0161\u012bbas, ir iz\u0161\u0137iro\u0161a noz\u012bme dar\u012bjumu uzticam\u012bbas un konsekvences nodro\u0161in\u0101\u0161an\u0101.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
— Atomiskums:
Dar\u012bjumi tiek izpild\u012bti piln\u012bb\u0101 vai netiek izpild\u012bti visp\u0101r.
Nav da\u013c\u0113jas izpildes: ja dar\u012bjums neizdodas pusce\u013c\u0101, visas datu b\u0101z\u0113 veikt\u0101s izmai\u0146as tiek atceltas.
Piem\u0113rs. Apsveriet iesp\u0113ju p\u0101rskait\u012bt 100\u00a0ASV\u00a0dol\u0101rus no konta\u00a0X uz kontu\u00a0Y. Ja dar\u012bjums neizdodas p\u0113c atskait\u012b\u0161anas no\u00a0X, bet pirms pievieno\u0161anas Y, datu b\u0101ze paliek nemain\u012bga.
— Konsekvence:
Datub\u0101zei ir j\u0101saglab\u0101 integrit\u0101tes ierobe\u017eojumi pirms un p\u0113c dar\u012bjuma.
Piem\u0113rs: ja kop\u0113j\u0101 summa pirms dar\u012bjuma ir 700\u00a0ASV\u00a0dol\u0101ri (X: 500\u00a0ASV\u00a0dol\u0101ri, Y: 200\u00a0ASV\u00a0dol\u0101ri), tai ir j\u0101paliek nemain\u012bgai p\u0113c dar\u012bjuma (X: 400\u00a0ASV\u00a0dol\u0101ri, Y: 300\u00a0ASV\u00a0dol\u0101ri).
–Izol\u0101cija:
Vienlaic\u012bgi var notikt vair\u0101ki dar\u012bjumi, viens otru neietekm\u0113jot.
Viena dar\u012bjuma veikt\u0101s izmai\u0146as nav redzamas citiem, kam\u0113r t\u0101s nav veiktas.
Nodro\u0161ina l\u012bdzv\u0113rt\u012bgus rezult\u0101tus t\u0101, it k\u0101 dar\u012bjumi tiktu veikti s\u0113rijveid\u0101.
Piem\u0113rs: transakciju izol\u0113\u0161ana nov\u0113r\u0161 nekonsekvenci, ko izraisa savstarp\u0113ji saist\u012btas darb\u012bbas.
— Iztur\u012bba:
Kad dar\u012bjums ir nosl\u0113gts, t\u0101 izmai\u0146as ir past\u0101v\u012bgas.
Izdz\u012bvo sist\u0113mas k\u013c\u016bmes vai av\u0101rijas.
Nodro\u0161ina datu notur\u012bbu.
Piem\u0113rs. Pat p\u0113c sist\u0113mas restart\u0113\u0161anas veikt\u0101s izmai\u0146as paliek neskartas.
Atcerieties, ka ACID \u012bpa\u0161\u012bbas nodro\u0161ina pamatu uzticam\u0101m un konsekvent\u0101m datu b\u0101zes darb\u012bb\u0101m! \ud83c\udf1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kas ir strat\u0113\u0123ijas modelis?
Apraksts: defin\u0113 algoritmu saimi, iekapsul\u0113 katru no tiem un padara tos savstarp\u0113ji aizst\u0101jamus. Tas \u013cauj algoritmam at\u0161\u0137irties neatkar\u012bgi no klientiem, kas tos izmanto.
Piem\u0113rs:
Java<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\/\/ Interfeiss \u0113\u0161anas uzved\u012bbai
interfeiss EatBehavior {
void eat();
}<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\/\/ Konkr\u0113ti \u0113\u0161anas uzved\u012bbas varianti
klase NormalDiet ievie\u0161 EatBehavior {
@Override
public void eat() {
\/\/ Norm\u0101ls \u0113diens
}
}<\/p>\n\n\n\n
klase LosingWeightDiet ievie\u0161 EatBehavior {
@Override
public void eat() {
\/\/ Vesel\u012bgs \u0113diens
}
}<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\/\/ Ka\u0137u klase ar \u0113\u0161anas uzved\u012bbu
abstrakt\u0101 klase ka\u0137is {
EatBehavior eatBehavior;<\/p>\n\n\n
\n\t
\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\n
\n
public void eat() {<\/div>
    eatBehavior.eat();<\/div>
}<\/div>
<\/div>
public void setEatBehavior(EatBehavior eatBehavior) {<\/div>
 this.eatBehavior = eatBehavior;<\/div>
}<\/div><\/code><\/pre>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
}<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\/\/ Lieto\u0161ana
Ka\u0137is ka\u0137is = jauns Ka\u0137is();
cat.setEatBehavior(new LosingWeightDiet());
ka\u0137is.\u0113st(); \/\/ Ka\u0137is \u0113d ar vesel\u012bg\u0101ku uzturu<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Rad\u012b\u0161anas mode\u013ci:
\u0160ie mode\u013ci koncentr\u0113jas uz klases instanti\u0101ciju.
Iek\u013cauti piem\u0113ri<\/p>\n\n\n\n
— r\u016bpn\u012bcas metode,
Probl\u0113mas pazi\u0146ojums: pie\u0146emsim, ka m\u0113s v\u0113lamies izveidot da\u017e\u0101da veida produktus (piem., automa\u0161\u012bnas, velosip\u0113dus, velosip\u0113dus), cie\u0161i nesaistot m\u016bsu kodu ar konkr\u0113t\u0101m implement\u0101cij\u0101m.
Galven\u0101s sast\u0101vda\u013cas:
Produkts: abstrakta klase vai interfeiss, kas nosaka kop\u012bgas darb\u012bbas objektiem, kurus r\u016bpn\u012bca izveidos.
Betona izstr\u0101d\u0101jumi: faktisk\u0101s klases, kas ievie\u0161 produkta saskarni un p\u0101rst\u0101v noteiktus objektu veidus.
Rad\u012bt\u0101js: abstrakta klase vai saskarne, kas deklar\u0113 r\u016bpn\u012bcas metodi. Tas ir atbild\u012bgs par produktu objektu izveidi, bet dele\u0123\u0113 faktisko izveidi apak\u0161klas\u0113m.
Konkr\u0113ti veidot\u0101ji: Rad\u012bt\u0101ja apak\u0161klases, kas ievie\u0161 r\u016bpn\u012bcas metodi. Vi\u0146i izlemj, kuru konkr\u0113tu betona izstr\u0101d\u0101jumu izveidot, pamatojoties uz ievades parametriem vai konfigur\u0101ciju.
R\u016bpn\u012bcas metode: Metode, kas defin\u0113ta klas\u0113 Creator, kas veido produktu objektus. Tas parasti tiek pasludin\u0101ts k\u0101 abstrakts sada\u013c\u0101 Rad\u012bt\u0101js un ieviests konkr\u0113taj\u0101 veidol\u0101.
Piem\u0113rs Java valod\u0101: pie\u0146emsim, ka mums ir r\u016bpn\u012bca, kas ra\u017eo da\u017e\u0101da veida transportl\u012bdzek\u013cus. \u0160eit ir vienk\u0101r\u0161ots piem\u0113rs:
Java<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\/\/ AbstractProduct
saskarne Produkts {
void display();
}<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\/\/ Betona izstr\u0101d\u0101jumi
klases Auto agreg\u0101ti Produkts {
public void display() {
System.out.println(“Automa\u0161\u012bna izveidota”);
}
}<\/p>\n\n\n\n
klase Velosip\u0113du piederumi Produkts {
public void display() {
System.out.println(“Velosip\u0113ds izveidots”);
}
}<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\/\/ Rad\u012bt\u0101js (r\u016bpn\u012bca)
interfeiss r\u016bpn\u012bcas {
Produkta r\u016bpn\u012bcaMetode();
}<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\/\/ Betona veidot\u0101ji
class ConcreteFactoryA ievie\u0161 Factory {
public Produktu r\u016bpn\u012bcaMethod() {
atgriezt jaunu Auto();
}
}<\/p>\n\n\n\n
class ConcreteFactoryB ievie\u0161 Factory {
public Produktu r\u016bpn\u012bcaMethod() {
atgriezt jaunu Velosip\u0113du();
}
}<\/p>\n\n\n\n
public class FactoryMethodExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
R\u016bpn\u012bcas r\u016bpn\u012bcaA = jauns ConcreteFactoryA();
Produkta produktsA = r\u016bpn\u012bcaA.r\u016bpn\u012bcas metode();
produktsA.displejs();<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    Factory factoryB = new ConcreteFactoryB();\n    Product productB = factoryB.factoryMethod();\n    productB.display();\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
}<\/p>\n\n\n\n
— Celtnieks
Builder Pattern ir rado\u0161s dizaina modelis, kas \u013cauj soli pa solim konstru\u0113t sare\u017e\u0123\u012btus objektus,
atdalot to konstrukciju no to att\u0113lojuma. \u0160eit ir vienk\u0101r\u0161s Java piem\u0113rs:
\/\/ Defin\u0113jiet klasi, kuru v\u0113laties izveidot
klases zi\u0146a {
priv\u0101ts gala String nosaukums;
priv\u0101ts gala String teksts;
priv\u0101t\u0101 gala St\u012bgu kategorija;<\/p>\n\n\n
\n\t
\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\n
\n
Post(Builder builder) {<\/div>
    this.title = builder.title;<\/div>
    this.text = builder.text;<\/div>
    this.category = builder.category;<\/div>
}<\/div>
<\/div>
\/\/ Getters for properties<\/div>
public String getTitle() {<\/div>
    return title;<\/div>
}<\/div>
<\/div>
public String getText() {<\/div>
    return text;<\/div>
}<\/div>
<\/div>
public String getCategory() {<\/div>
    return category;<\/div>
}<\/div>
<\/div>
\/\/ Builder class<\/div>
public static class Builder {<\/div>
    private String title;<\/div>
    private String text;<\/div>
    private String category;<\/div>
<\/div>
    public Builder title(String title) {<\/div>
        this.title = title;<\/div>
        return this;<\/div>
    }<\/div>
<\/div>
    public Builder text(String text) {<\/div>
        this.text = text;<\/div>
        return this;<\/div>
    }<\/div>
<\/div>
    public Builder category(String category) {<\/div>
        this.category = category;<\/div>
        return this;<\/div>
    }<\/div>
<\/div>
    public Post build() {<\/div>
        return new Post(this);<\/div>
    }<\/div>
}<\/div><\/code><\/pre>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
}<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\/\/ Lieto\u0161ana
publiska klase Galven\u0101 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Izlikt zi\u0146u = jauns Post.Builder()
.title(“Java Builder Pattern”)
.text(“Paskaidrojums, k\u0101 ieviest Builder Pattern Java”)
.category(“Dizaina mode\u013ci”)
.build();<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    System.out.println("Title: " + post.getTitle());\n    System.out.println("Text: " + post.getText());\n    System.out.println("Category: " + post.getCategory());\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
}<\/p>\n\n\n\n
–Prototips
Prototipa modelis ir rado\u0161s dizaina modelis, kas \u013cauj izveidot jaunus objektus, kop\u0113jot eso\u0161u objektu.
T\u0101 viet\u0101, lai izveidotu jaunus gad\u012bjumus no jauna, j\u016bs klon\u0113jat eso\u0161u prototipu, kas var b\u016bt efekt\u012bv\u0101ks un elast\u012bg\u0101ks. Iedzi\u013cin\u0101simies Java piem\u0113r\u0101:
Defin\u0113jiet prototipa saskarni: Pirmk\u0101rt, m\u0113s izveidojam abstraktu klasi vai interfeisu ar nosaukumu Tree ar abstraktu metodi copy ():
Java<\/p>\n\n\n\n
publiska abstrakta klase koks {
public abstract Tree copy();
}<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Betona prototipi: T\u0101l\u0101k m\u0113s ievie\u0161am divas betona klases, kas papla\u0161ina koku: PlasticTree un PineTree. \u0160\u012bs klases p\u0101rst\u0101v noteiktus koku veidus un nodro\u0161ina savu copy() metodes ievie\u0161anu:
Java<\/p>\n\n\n\n
public class PlasticTree papla\u0161ina koku {
@Override
publiska koka kopija() {
PlasticTree plasticTreeClone = new PlasticTree(this.getMass(), this.getHeight());
plasticTreeClone.setPosition(this.getPosition());
atgriezt plastmasuTreeClone;
}
}<\/p>\n\n\n\n
publiska klase PineTree papla\u0161ina koku {
@Override
publiska koka kopija() {
PineTree pineTreeClone = new PineTree(this.getMass(), this.getHeight());
pineTreeClone.setPosition(this.getPosition());
atgriezt pineTreeClone;
}
}
\u0160aj\u0101s nodarb\u012bb\u0101s m\u0113s piel\u0101gojam klon\u0113\u0161anas procesu, pamatojoties uz konkr\u0113to koka tipu. Piem\u0113ram, m\u0113s nokop\u0113jam s\u0101kotn\u0113j\u0101 koka masu, augstumu un poz\u012bciju.
Lieto\u0161ana: tagad izveidosim m\u016bsu konkr\u0113to prototipu gad\u012bjumus:
Java<\/p>\n\n\n\n
publiska klase Galven\u0101 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Koka ori\u0123in\u0101lsPlasticTree = new PlasticTree(10, 5);
Koks klon\u0113tsPlasticTree = ori\u0123in\u0101lsPlasticTree.copy();<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    Tree originalPineTree = new PineTree(15, 8);\n    Tree clonedPineTree = originalPineTree.copy();\n\n    \/\/ Use the cloned trees as needed\n    \/\/ ...\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
}<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kas ir struktur\u0101lie mode\u013ci?
\u0160ie mode\u013ci attiecas uz klases strukt\u016bru un sast\u0101vu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Adaptera modelis
Adaptera modelis ir strukt\u016bras dizaina modelis, kas \u013cauj nodro\u0161in\u0101t divu nesader\u012bgu saskar\u0146u darb\u012bbu.
Tas darbojas k\u0101 tilts starp \u0161\u012bm saskarn\u0113m, nodro\u0161inot sadarb\u012bbu, nemainot to pirmkodu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Objekta adapteris:
\u0160aj\u0101 pieej\u0101 m\u0113s izmantojam kompoz\u012bciju, lai dele\u0123\u0113tu lo\u0123iku adapterim.
Adapteris satur Adaptee un dele\u0123\u0113 metodi request() pie adapt\u0113t\u0101ja specificRequest() metodei.
Java<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\/\/ Piel\u0101gotais (eso\u0161\u0101 klase)
klases adapt\u0113tais {
void specificedRequest() {
System.out.println(“Adaptata \u012bpa\u0161ais piepras\u012bjums”);
}
}<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\/\/ M\u0113r\u0137a saskarne
saskarnes m\u0113r\u0137is {
neder\u012bgs piepras\u012bjums ();
}<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\/\/ Adapteris (izmantojot kompoz\u012bciju)
klase Adapteris ievie\u0161 Target {
priv\u0101ts gala Adapte adapte;<\/p>\n\n\n
\n\t
\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\n
\n
Adapter(Adaptee adaptee) {<\/div>
    this.adaptee = adaptee;<\/div>
}<\/div>
<\/div>
@Override<\/div>
public void request() {<\/div>
    adaptee.specificRequest();<\/div>
}<\/div><\/code><\/pre>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
}<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Klases adapteris:
Nepiecie\u0161ama vair\u0101kk\u0101rt\u0113ja manto\u0161ana (Java nav tie\u0161i iesp\u0113jama).
M\u0113s to varam sasniegt, izmantojot saskarnes ar noklus\u0113juma metod\u0113m.
Adapteris papla\u0161ina gan Target, gan Adaptee klases.
Java<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\/\/ M\u0113r\u0137a saskarne
saskarnes m\u0113r\u0137is {
neder\u012bgs piepras\u012bjums ();
}<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\/\/ Piel\u0101gotais (eso\u0161\u0101 klase)
klases adapt\u0113tais {
void specificedRequest() {
System.out.println(“Adaptata \u012bpa\u0161ais piepras\u012bjums”);
}
}<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\/\/ Adapteris (izmantojot klases mantojumu)
class Adapter extends Adaptee implements Target {
@Override
publisks sp\u0113k\u0101 neeso\u0161s piepras\u012bjums() {
nor\u0101d\u012btsPiepras\u012bjums();
}
}
Ieguvumi un kompromisi:
Klases adapteris labi darbojas viens pret vienu metodes kart\u0113\u0161anai.
Objekta adapteris nodro\u0161ina liel\u0101ku elast\u012bbu un nov\u0113r\u0161 koda modifik\u0101cijas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Dekoratora raksts
Dekoratora raksts ir rado\u0161s dizaina modelis, kas \u013cauj dinamiski pievienot objektam funkcionalit\u0101ti un uzved\u012bbu bez t\u0101
kas ietekm\u0113 citu taj\u0101 pa\u0161\u0101 klas\u0113 eso\u0161o objektu uzved\u012bbu. Tas ir \u012bpa\u0161i noder\u012bgi, ja v\u0113laties papla\u0161in\u0101t objektu
sp\u0113jas, nemainot t\u0101 strukt\u016bru.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
P\u0101rskats:
Dekoratora raksts nodro\u0161ina uzlabotu saskarni ori\u0123in\u0101lajam objektam, iesai\u0146ojot to ar papildu funkcionalit\u0101ti.
M\u0113s dodam priek\u0161roku sast\u0101vam, nevis mantojumam, lai samazin\u0101tu apak\u0161klases pieskait\u0101m\u0101s izmaksas.
Dekoratorus var pievienot izpildes laik\u0101, nodro\u0161inot elast\u012bbu.
Scen\u0101rija piem\u0113rs. Pie\u0146emsim, ka mums ir Ziemassv\u0113tku egl\u012btes objekts, un m\u0113s v\u0113lamies to izrot\u0101t ar da\u017e\u0101diem priek\u0161metiem, piem\u0113ram, v\u012btnes, vizulis un burbu\u013cu gaism\u0101m. M\u0113s iev\u0113rosim s\u0101kotn\u0113j\u0101s \u010cetru bandas dizaina konvencijas:
\u012asteno\u0161ana:
Vispirms izveidojiet Ziemassv\u0113tku egl\u012btes saskarni:
Java<\/p>\n\n\n\n
publiska saskarne Ziemassv\u0113tku egl\u012bte {
St\u012bgu rot\u0101();
}<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ieviesiet saskarni ar pamata koku:
Java<\/p>\n\n\n\n
public class ChristmasTreeImpl ievie\u0161 ChristmasTree {
@Override
publiska Virkne dekor\u0113t() {
atgriezt “Ziemassv\u0113tku egl\u012bte”;
}
}<\/p>\n\n\n\n
P\u0113c tam izveidojiet abstraktu TreeDecorator klasi, kas ievie\u0161 Ziemassv\u0113tku egl\u012bti un satur izrot\u0101to koku:
Java<\/p>\n\n\n\n
publiska abstrakta klase TreeDecorator ievie\u0161 Ziemassv\u0113tku egl\u012bti {
priv\u0101t\u0101 gala Ziemassv\u0113tku egl\u012bte;<\/p>\n\n\n
\n\t
\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\n
\n
public TreeDecorator(ChristmasTree tree) {<\/div>
    this.tree = tree;<\/div>
}<\/div>
<\/div>
@Override<\/div>
public String decorate() {<\/div>
    return tree.decorate();<\/div>
}<\/div><\/code><\/pre>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
}<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tagad izveidojiet \u012bpa\u0161us dekoratorus. Piem\u0113ram, BubbleLights:
Java<\/p>\n\n\n\n
publisk\u0101 klase BubbleLights papla\u0161ina TreeDecorator {
publiskais BubbleLights (Ziemassv\u0113tku egl\u012bte) {
super(koks);
}<\/p>\n\n\n
\n\t
\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\n
\n
@Override<\/div>
public String decorate() {<\/div>
    return super.decorate() + " with Bubble Lights";<\/div>
}<\/div><\/code><\/pre>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
}<\/p>\n\n\n\n
publiska klase Garlenda pagarina TreeDecorator {
publisk\u0101 v\u012btne (Ziemassv\u0113tku egl\u012bte) {
super(koks);
}<\/p>\n\n\n
\n\t
\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\n
\n
@Override<\/div>
public String decorate() {<\/div>
    return super.decorate() + " with Garland";<\/div>
}<\/div><\/code><\/pre>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
}
Lieto\u0161ana:
Izveidojiet dekor\u0113tus kokus:
Java<\/p>\n\n\n\n
publiska klase DecoratorPatternDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Ziemassv\u0113tku egl\u012bte1 = new Garland(new ChristmasTreeImpl());
System.out.println(tree1.decorate()); \/\/ Rezult\u0101ts: “Ziemassv\u0113tku egl\u012bte ar v\u012btni”<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    ChristmasTree tree2 = new BubbleLights(new Garland(new Garland(new ChristmasTreeImpl())));\n    System.out.println(tree2.decorate()); \/\/ Output: "Christmas tree with Garland with Garland with Bubble Lights"\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
}
\u0160is raksts \u013cauj pievienot dekoratorus izpildes laik\u0101, nodro\u0161inot elast\u012bbu p\u0113c nepiecie\u0161am\u012bbas.
Atcerieties, ka dekoratora modelis tiek pla\u0161i izmantots gad\u012bjumos, kad v\u0113laties uzlabot objekta uzved\u012bbu, nemainot t\u0101 pamatstrukt\u016bru.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
— Fas\u0101des raksts
Fas\u0101des raksts ir strukt\u016bras dizaina modelis, kas vienk\u0101r\u0161o mijiedarb\u012bbu ar sare\u017e\u0123\u012btu apak\u0161sist\u0113mu, nodro\u0161inot vienotu saskarni.
Tas darbojas k\u0101 “ieejas durvis”, lai pasl\u0113ptu pamat\u0101 eso\u0161o sare\u017e\u0123\u012bt\u012bbu un atvieglotu klientiem sist\u0113mas lieto\u0161anu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
— Salikts
Composite Pattern ir struktur\u0101las konstrukcijas modelis, kas \u013cauj salikt objektus koka strukt\u016br\u0101s, lai att\u0113lotu da\u013c\u0113ju veselu hierarhiju.
Salikt\u0101 mode\u013ca galven\u0101 ideja ir izveidot objektu koka strukt\u016bru, kur\u0101 atsevi\u0161\u0137iem objektiem un saliktiem objektiem ir kop\u012bgs interfeiss.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pamatkomponents (noda\u013ca): m\u0113s defin\u0113sim vienk\u0101r\u0161u noda\u013cas saskarni k\u0101 m\u016bsu b\u0101zes komponentu:
Java<\/p>\n\n\n\n
publisk\u0101s saskarnes noda\u013ca {
void printDepartmentName();
}<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Lapu komponenti (finan\u0161u noda\u013ca un p\u0101rdo\u0161anas noda\u013ca): izveidosim klases finan\u0161u un p\u0101rdo\u0161anas noda\u013c\u0101m, ab\u0101s ievie\u0161ot noda\u013cas saskarni:
Java<\/p>\n\n\n\n
public class Finan\u0161u departaments ievie\u0161 departamentu {
\/\/ Ievie\u0161anas inform\u0101cija (piem., ID, nosaukums)
public void printDepartmentName() {
System.out.println(getClass().getSimpleName());
}
}<\/p>\n\n\n\n
public class P\u0101rdo\u0161anas noda\u013ca ievie\u0161 noda\u013cu {
\/\/ Ievie\u0161anas inform\u0101cija (piem., ID, nosaukums)
public void printDepartmentName() {
System.out.println(getClass().getSimpleName());
}
}<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0160\u012bs lapu klases \u012bsteno metodi printDepartmentName() un nesatur atsauces uz citiem departamenta objektiem.
Salikts elements (HeadDepartment): k\u0101 saliktu klasi izveidosim HeadDepartment, kur\u0101 ir noda\u013cas komponentu kolekcija:
Java<\/p>\n\n\n\n
import\u0113t java.util.ArrayList;
import\u0113t java.util.List;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
public class HeadDepartment ievie\u0161 noda\u013cu {
priv\u0101ts vesela skait\u013ca id;
priv\u0101ts String nosaukums;
priv\u0101ts Saraksts b\u0113rnuDepartamenti;<\/p>\n\n\n
\n\t
\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\n
\n
public HeadDepartment(Integer id, String name) {<\/div>
    this.id = id;<\/div>
    this.name = name;<\/div>
    this.childDepartments = new ArrayList<>();<\/div>
}<\/div>
<\/div>
public void printDepartmentName() {<\/div>
    childDepartments.forEach(Department::printDepartmentName);<\/div>
}<\/div>
<\/div>
public void addDepartment(Department department) {<\/div>
    childDepartments.add(department);<\/div>
}<\/div>
<\/div>
public void removeDepartment(Department department) {<\/div>
    childDepartments.remove(department);<\/div>
}<\/div><\/code><\/pre>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
}<\/p>\n\n\n\n
HeadDepartment klase ievie\u0161 metodi printDepartmentName() un nodro\u0161ina pak\u0101rtoto noda\u013cu pievieno\u0161anas un no\u0146em\u0161anas metodes.
Lieto\u0161ana: varat izveidot lapu noda\u013cu (piem., Finan\u0161u noda\u013ca, P\u0101rdo\u0161anas noda\u013ca) un saliktas noda\u013cas (piem., HeadDepartment) gad\u012bjumus. Pievienojiet lapu noda\u013cas kompoz\u012btam un izdruk\u0101jiet to nosaukumus.
Java<\/p>\n\n\n\n
publiska klase Galven\u0101 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Finan\u0161u noda\u013ca = new FinancialDepartment();
Noda\u013ca p\u0101rdo\u0161ana = new SalesDepartment();<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    HeadDepartment headDepartment = new HeadDepartment(1, "Company Departments");\n    headDepartment.addDepartment(finance);\n    headDepartment.addDepartment(sales);\n\n    headDepartment.printDepartmentName();\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
}<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Izvade:
Finan\u0161u departaments
P\u0101rdo\u0161anas noda\u013ca<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Composite Pattern \u013cauj izveidot elast\u012bgas koku strukt\u016bras, kur
atsevi\u0161\u0137us objektus un kompoz\u012bcijas (kompoz\u012btus) var apstr\u0101d\u0101t vien\u0101di.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kas ir HASH funkcija!!!<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Jauc\u0113jfunkcija ir matem\u0101tiska funkcija, kas sa\u0146em ievadi (vai “zi\u0146ojumu”) un atgrie\u017e fiks\u0113ta izm\u0113ra rakstz\u012bmju virkni,
kas parasti ir ciparu un burtu sec\u012bba. \u0160o izvadi sauc par “jauc\u0113jv\u0113rt\u012bbu” vai vienk\u0101r\u0161i “jauc\u0113ju”.
Jauc\u0113jfunkcijas parasti izmanto datorzin\u0101tn\u0113s un kriptogr\u0101fij\u0101, un t\u0101m ir da\u017eas svar\u012bgas \u012bpa\u0161\u012bbas:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
=== K\u0101 j\u016bs izmantotu jauc\u0113jfunkciju un k\u0101 t\u0101 darbojas?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Deterministisks: viena un t\u0101 pati ievade vienm\u0113r rad\u012bs vienu un to pa\u0161u jauc\u0113jfunkciju.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0100tri: funkcija var \u0101tri apr\u0113\u0137in\u0101t jauc\u0113jv\u0113rt\u012bbu jebkurai ievadei.
Unik\u0101ls (gandr\u012bz): div\u0101m da\u017e\u0101d\u0101m ievad\u0113m ir j\u0101rada at\u0161\u0137ir\u012bgas jauc\u0113jz\u012bmes (to sauc par “sadursmju” samazin\u0101\u0161anu).
Neatgriezenisks: \u0146emot v\u0113r\u0101 jauc\u0113jkodu, s\u0101kotn\u0113jo ievadi noteikt nav iesp\u0113jams skait\u013co\u0161anas zi\u0146\u0101.
Vienots: jauc\u0113jv\u0113rt\u012bbas ir vienm\u0113r\u012bgi sadal\u012btas pa izvades vietu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Hash funkcijas tiek pla\u0161i izmantotas da\u017e\u0101d\u0101s lietojumprogramm\u0101s, piem\u0113ram:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Datu integrit\u0101te: lai nodro\u0161in\u0101tu, ka dati nav main\u012bti vai viltoti, sal\u012bdzinot jauc\u0113jv\u0113rt\u012bbas.
Paroles glab\u0101\u0161ana: dro\u0161i glab\u0101jiet sajauktas paroles faktisko paro\u013cu viet\u0101.
Kriptogr\u0101fija: izmanto digit\u0101lajos parakstos un citos kriptogr\u0101fijas algoritmos.
Hash tabulas: efekt\u012bvai datu izguvei programm\u0113\u0161anas laik\u0101.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
=== Sniedziet man hash kartes piem\u0113ru, k\u0101 j\u016bs to izmantotu?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
SHA (dro\u0161s jauk\u0161anas algoritms):
Ietver t\u0101dus variantus k\u0101 SHA-1, SHA-256, SHA-384 un SHA-512.
SHA-256 un SHA-512 tiek pla\u0161i izmantoti kriptogr\u0101fij\u0101 un blok\u0137\u0113des tehnolo\u0123ij\u0101 (piem\u0113ram, Bitcoin).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
import\u0113t java.security.MessageDigest;
import\u0113t java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
public class HashExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
m\u0113\u0123in\u0101t {
\/\/ Ievades virkne, kas j\u0101jauc
String input = “Sveika, pasaule!”;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        \/\/ Create a MessageDigest instance for SHA-256\n        MessageDigest digest = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA-256");\n\n        \/\/ Compute the hash\n        byte[] hash = digest.digest(input.getBytes());\n\n        \/\/ Convert the hash bytes to a hexadecimal string\n        StringBuilder hexString = new StringBuilder();\n        for (byte b : hash) {\n            String hex = String.format("%02x", b);\n            hexString.append(hex);\n        }\n\n        \/\/ Print the resulting hash\n        System.out.println("SHA-256 Hash: " + hexString.toString());\n    } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {\n        System.err.println("Error: " + e.getMessage());\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
}<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ievaddati: ievades main\u012bgais satur datus, kurus v\u0113laties jaukt.
MessageDigest inicializ\u0101cija: MessageDigest instance tiek izveidota, izmantojot getInstance (“SHA-256”), kas nor\u0101da SHA-256 jauk\u0161anas algoritmu.
Jauk\u0161ana: \u012bssavilkuma metode apr\u0113\u0137ina ievades datu jauk\u0161anu.
Heksadecim\u0101l\u0101 konvert\u0113\u0161ana: t\u0101 k\u0101 jauc\u0113jkods ir bin\u0101r\u0101 form\u0101t\u0101, m\u0113s izmantojam cilpu, lai to p\u0101rveidotu par las\u0101m\u0101ku heksadecim\u0101lo virkni.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Put un Patch? Kad to lietot?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Gan PUT, gan PATCH ir HTTP metodes, ko izmanto servera resursu atjaunin\u0101\u0161anai, ta\u010du t\u0101s at\u0161\u0137iras ar to, k\u0101 t\u0101s apstr\u0101d\u0101 atjaunin\u0101jumus:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
PUT:
Pilns atjaunin\u0101jums:
PUT tiek izmantots, lai piln\u012bb\u0101 aizst\u0101tu eso\u0161o resursu.
Piepras\u012bjum\u0101 ir j\u0101nos\u016bta viss resurss, pat ja tiek main\u012bta tikai da\u013ca no t\u0101.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ja resurss neeksist\u0113, PUT bie\u017ei to izveido (lai gan \u0161\u012b darb\u012bba var at\u0161\u0137irties).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Idempotents:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Atk\u0101rtoti PUT piepras\u012bjumi ar vieniem un tiem pa\u0161iem datiem vienm\u0113r rad\u012bs vienu un to pa\u0161u resursa st\u0101vokli.
Piem\u0113rs: lietot\u0101ja profila atjaunin\u0101\u0161ana:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
json
Ievietojiet \/lietot\u0101ji\/123
{
“v\u0101rds”: “Velislavs”,
“e-pasts”: “velislav@example.com”,
“vecums”: 30
}
Ja main\u0101s tikai v\u0101rds, bet e-pasts un vecums paliek nemain\u012bgi, tie joproj\u0101m ir j\u0101iek\u013cauj piepras\u012bjum\u0101.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
PL\u0100KSERI:
Da\u013c\u0113js atjaunin\u0101jums:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
PATCH tiek izmantots, lai veiktu da\u013c\u0113ju eso\u0161\u0101 resursa atjaunin\u0101jumu.
Piepras\u012bjum\u0101 j\u0101nos\u016bta tikai main\u0101mie lauki.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Idempotents (p\u0101rsvar\u0101):<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u0101pat k\u0101 PUT, atk\u0101rtoti PATCH piepras\u012bjumi ar tiem pa\u0161iem datiem parasti rada t\u0101du pa\u0161u resursa st\u0101vokli.
Tom\u0113r uzved\u012bba var b\u016bt atkar\u012bga no servera ievie\u0161anas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Piem\u0113rs: tikai lietot\u0101ja v\u0101rda atjaunin\u0101\u0161ana:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
json
PL\u0100KSTS \/lietot\u0101ji\/123
{
“v\u0101rds”: “Velislavs”
}
\u0160eit tiek atjaunin\u0101ts tikai nosaukuma lauks, p\u0101r\u0113jos laukus atst\u0101jot nemain\u012bgus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Galven\u0101 at\u0161\u0137ir\u012bba:
PUT aizst\u0101j visu resursu, savuk\u0101rt PATCH maina tikai nor\u0101d\u012btos resursa laukus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
HTTP metodes ar \u012bsu aprakstu.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
GET: izmanto, lai izg\u016btu datus no servera, tos nemodific\u0113jot. Parasti izmanto resursu vai inform\u0101cijas ieg\u016b\u0161anai.
POST: izmanto, lai nos\u016bt\u012btu datus uz serveri, parasti, lai izveidotu jaunu resursu. Piem\u0113ram, veidlapas iesnieg\u0161ana vai faila aug\u0161upiel\u0101de.
PUT: izmanto, lai atjaunin\u0101tu vai piln\u012bb\u0101 aizst\u0101tu eso\u0161u resursu server\u012b. Ja resurss neeksist\u0113, to var izveidot.
PATCH: tiek izmantots eso\u0161a resursa da\u013c\u0113jai atjaunin\u0101\u0161anai, mainot tikai nor\u0101d\u012btos laukus.
DZ\u0112ST: izmanto, lai dz\u0113stu resursu no servera.
HEAD: l\u012bdz\u012bgi k\u0101 GET, ko izmanto, lai izg\u016btu galvenes bez resursa pamatteksta.
OPTIONS: tas nor\u0101da, kuras HTTP metodes ir at\u013cautas.
TRACE: izmanto galvenok\u0101rt diagnostikas nol\u016bkos, atk\u0101rtojot piepras\u012bjumu klientam
CONNECT: izveido tuneli uz serveri, ko bie\u017ei izmanto SSL\/TLS savienojumiem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
========== Funkcion\u0101lais interfeiss =====================================<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Funkcion\u0101ls Java interfeiss ir saskarne, kas satur tie\u0161i vienu abstraktu metodi. \u0160\u012bs saskarnes galvenok\u0101rt tiek izmantotas lambda izteiksm\u0113s un meto\u017eu atsauc\u0113s, nodro\u0161inot kodol\u012bg\u0101ku un las\u0101m\u0101ku funkcion\u0101lo programm\u0113\u0161anu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Galven\u0101s funkcijas:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  1. Viena abstrakt\u0101 metode<\/strong>: funkcion\u0101lajam interfeisam ir tikai viena abstrakta metode. T\u0101 ir t\u0101 funkcionalit\u0101tes b\u016bt\u012bba.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. Noklus\u0113juma un statisk\u0101s metodes<\/strong>: funkcion\u0101l\u0101s saskarnes var ietvert noklus\u0113juma un statiskas metodes, ta\u010du t\u0101s netiek uzskat\u012btas par vienu abstraktu metodi.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. @FunctionalInterface anot\u0101cija<\/strong>: lai gan \u0161\u012b anot\u0101cija nav oblig\u0101ta, t\u0101 pal\u012bdz, nor\u0101dot, ka interfeiss ir paredz\u0113ts k\u0101 funkcion\u0101ls. Ja interfeisam tiek pievienotas papildu abstraktas metodes, kompilators rada k\u013c\u016bdu.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
    Piem\u0113rs:<\/h3>\n\n\n
    \n\t
    \n\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\n
    \n
    @FunctionalInterface<\/div>
    interface Calculator {<\/div>
        int calculate(int a, int b);<\/div>
    }<\/div>
    <\/div>
    \/\/ Using lambda expression<\/div>
    public class Main {<\/div>
        public static void main(String[] args) {<\/div>
            \/\/ Implementing the calculate method using a lambda<\/div>
            Calculator addition = (a, b) -> a + b;<\/div>
            Calculator multiplication = (a, b) -> a * b;<\/div>
    <\/div>
            System.out.println("Addition: " + addition.calculate(5, 3));  \/\/ Output: 8<\/div>
            System.out.println("Multiplication: " + multiplication.calculate(5, 3));  \/\/ Output: 15<\/div>
        }<\/div>
    }<\/div><\/code><\/pre>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
    Lieto\u0161anas gad\u012bjums:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    The Calculator<\/code> interfeisam piem\u0113r\u0101 ir viena abstrakta metode calculate<\/code>, padarot to par funkcion\u0101lu saskarni.
    Tas \u013cauj mums izmantot lambda izteiksmes \u012bsumam un elegancei ievie\u0161an\u0101.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    Izplat\u012bt\u0101k\u0101s Java funkcion\u0101l\u0101s saskarnes:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    Java nodro\u0161ina vair\u0101kas ieb\u016bv\u0113tas funkcion\u0101l\u0101s saskarnes java.util.function<\/code> iepakojumi, piem\u0113ram:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    • Predik\u0101ts<\/strong>: \u0146em ievadi un atgrie\u017e B\u016bla v\u0113rt\u012bbu.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Funkcija<\/strong>: \u0146em ievadi un atgrie\u017e R tipa izvadi.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Pieg\u0101d\u0101t\u0101js<\/strong>: nodro\u0161ina v\u0113rt\u012bbu bez ievades.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Pat\u0113r\u0113t\u0101js<\/strong>: pie\u0146em v\u0113rt\u012bbu un veic darb\u012bbu.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
      Funkcion\u0101l\u0101s saskarnes racionaliz\u0113 darb\u012bbas, \u012bpa\u0161i t\u0101dos gad\u012bjumos k\u0101 darbs ar kolekcij\u0101m, straum\u0113m vai asinhroniem uzdevumiem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      Tie dod iesp\u0113ju Javai pie\u0146emt funkcion\u0101las programm\u0113\u0161anas paradigmas, vienlaikus saglab\u0101jot t\u0101s objektorient\u0113to raksturu.<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
      ================ Augst\u0101kas k\u0101rtas funkcija ir ==============================
      Augst\u0101kas k\u0101rtas funkcija ir funkcija, kas vai nu izmanto citas funkcijas k\u0101 argumentus, vai atgrie\u017e funkciju k\u0101 rezult\u0101tu. Citiem v\u0101rdiem sakot, t\u0101 darbojas uz funkcij\u0101m, uzskatot t\u0101s par “pirm\u0101s \u0161\u0137iras pilso\u0146iem”. \u0160\u012b ir jaud\u012bga funkcija funkcion\u0101l\u0101s programm\u0113\u0161anas paradigm\u0101s, kas nodro\u0161ina abstrakciju, koda atk\u0101rtotu izmanto\u0161anu un kompoz\u012bciju.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      Java augst\u0101k\u0101s k\u0101rtas funkcijas piem\u0113rs:<\/h3>\n\n\n
      \n\t
      \n\t\t
      \n\t\t\t\n
      \n
      import java.util.function.Function;<\/div>
      <\/div>
      public class Main {<\/div>
          public static void main(String[] args) {<\/div>
              \/\/ Higher-order function: applies a function to a value<\/div>
              Function<Integer, Integer> squareFunction = x -> x * x;<\/div>
              int result = applyFunction(5, squareFunction);<\/div>
              System.out.println("Square of 5: " + result);  \/\/ Output: 25<\/div>
          }<\/div>
      <\/div>
          public static int applyFunction(int value, Function<Integer, Integer> function) {<\/div>
              return function.apply(value);<\/div>
          }<\/div>
      }<\/div><\/code><\/pre>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
      Iepriek\u0161 min\u0113taj\u0101 piem\u0113r\u0101:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        \n
      • The applyFunction<\/code> metode ir augst\u0101kas k\u0101rtas funkcija, jo t\u0101 pie\u0146em citu funkciju (Function<Integer, Integer><\/code>) k\u0101 parametru.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
        Funkcijas:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
          \n
        1. Pie\u0146em funkcijas k\u0101 argumentus<\/strong>: augst\u0101kas pak\u0101pes funkcijas var izmantot citas funkcijas k\u0101 ievadi konkr\u0113tu darb\u012bbu veik\u0161anai.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        2. Atgrie\u017e funkcijas<\/strong>: tie var dinamiski \u0123ener\u0113t un atgriezt jaunas funkcijas.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        3. Veicina koda atk\u0101rtotu izmanto\u0161anu<\/strong>: veicina modul\u0101ru un atk\u0101rtoti lietojamu kodu, jo funkcijas var nodot apk\u0101rt un veidot kop\u0101.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
          Lieto\u0161anas gad\u012bjums:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
          Programm\u0101 Java augst\u0101kas k\u0101rtas funkcijas parasti izmanto funkcion\u0101laj\u0101 programm\u0113\u0161an\u0101 ar straum\u0113m, lambdas un meto\u017eu atsauc\u0113m. Piem\u0113ram:<\/p>\n\n\n
          \n\t
          \n\t\t
          \n\t\t\t\n
          \n
          List<String> names = Arrays.asList("John", "Jane", "Jake");<\/div>
          names.stream()<\/div>
               .filter(name -> name.startsWith("J"))  \/\/ Takes a lambda function as argument<\/div>
               .forEach(System.out::println);         \/\/ Takes a method reference as argument<\/div><\/code><\/pre>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
          Augst\u0101kas k\u0101rtas funkcijas nodro\u0161ina Java programmu elast\u012bbu un jaudu, \u013caujot izstr\u0101d\u0101t\u0101jiem rakst\u012bt t\u012bru, kodol\u012bgu un izteiksm\u012bgu kodu!<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
          \u0160eit ir da\u017ei re\u0101l\u0101s pasaules interviju atbil\u017eu komplekti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
            \n
          • Izprot t\u0101dus pamatus k\u0101 polimorfisms, statisk\u0101s metodes un st\u012bgu baseins<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • p\u0101rzina kolekcijas (piem\u0113ram, HashSet, TreeSet) un to lieto\u0161anas gad\u012bjumus.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • Pareizi identific\u0113 pupi\u0146u tv\u0113rumus (singleton, prototips)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • Apzin\u0101s atkar\u012bbas injekciju un t\u0101s m\u0113r\u0137i.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • zina, k\u0101 ieviest attiec\u012bbas daudzi pret daudziem, izmantojot savienojuma tabulas.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • Izprot indeksu m\u0113r\u0137i (lai gan virspus\u0113ji)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • var at\u0161\u0137irt monol\u012btu un mikropakalpojumu arhitekt\u016bru<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • izprot pamata kompromisus (m\u0113rogojam\u012bba, uztur\u0113\u0161ana)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • p\u0101rprot Liskova aizst\u0101\u0161anas principu un atkar\u012bbas inversiju<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • Cen\u0161as sniegt konkr\u0113tus atv\u0113rt\u0101\/sl\u0113gt\u0101 principa piem\u0113rus.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • Tr\u016bkst dzi\u013cuma pupi\u0146u dz\u012bves cikla p\u0101rvald\u012bb\u0101<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • Nav skaidrs par papildu atkar\u012bbas injekciju<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • virspus\u0113ja izpratne par indeksiem (saliktie indeksi, vaic\u0101jumu optimiz\u0101cija)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • Nepaz\u012bstat izol\u0101cijas l\u012bme\u0146us un optimistisku\/pesimistisku blo\u0137\u0113\u0161anu<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
            Plusi:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
              \n
            • Str\u0101d\u0101ja ar mantoto kodu milz\u012bg\u0101 un sare\u017e\u0123\u012bt\u0101 sist\u0113m\u0101<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • Zina SOLID<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • Zin\u0101\u0161anas par straum\u0113m<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • Izskaidroti indeksi un ACID<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • Labs ang\u013cu valodas l\u012bmenis
              M\u012bnusi:<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • Nav atbild\u012bbas par izv\u0113r\u0161anu vai infrastrukt\u016bru, l\u012bdzdal\u012bbu arhitekt\u016bras projekt\u0113\u0161an\u0101<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • Vi\u0146am ir zin\u0101mas zin\u0101\u0161anas par OOP principiem, ta\u010du vi\u0146am bija gr\u016bti tos izskaidrot un da\u017ei j\u0113dzieni bija nepareizi<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • Visp\u0101r\u0113jas zin\u0101\u0161anas par kolekcij\u0101m, ta\u010du ir nepiln\u012bbas un \u013coti neskaidras<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • Nesaprot at\u0161\u0137ir\u012bbu starp vienlaic\u012bbu un paral\u0113lismu, ne p\u0101r\u0101k sp\u0113c\u012bgas zin\u0101\u0161anas par vienlaic\u012bbu<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • Nav daudz p\u0113t\u012bjis mikropakalpojumu arhitekt\u016bru<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • Neskaidrs par da\u017eiem datu b\u0101zes j\u0113dzieniem (indeksu diskusija bija virsmas l\u012bmen\u012b)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • Nevar\u0113ja izskaidrot Livelock<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • Nepiln\u012bbas beidzot blo\u0137\u0113 izpratni<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • Ierobe\u017eotas zin\u0101\u0161anas par iz\u0146\u0113mumu apstr\u0101des specifiku<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • Apjukums par piek\u013cuves modifikatoriem (aizsarg\u0101ts pret priv\u0101to pakotni)
              Vienpr\u0101t\u012bgais viedoklis \u2026 ir
              nav piem\u0113rots Mid-Java izstr\u0101d\u0101t\u0101ja amatam vi\u0146a tehnisko zin\u0101\u0161anu tr\u016bkumu d\u0113\u013c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
              Pros
              SOLID labi paskaidroja
              Labi izskaidroja OOP
              Izskaidrots sast\u0101vs (bet s\u0101kum\u0101 nedaudz c\u012bn\u012bj\u0101s)
              Lieliska izpratne par kolekcij\u0101m
              At\u0161\u0137ir\u012bba starp sarakstiem un komplektiem
              Hashsets
              Ha\u0161maps
              Vienlaic\u012bga hashmap
              Laba izpratne par datu strukt\u016br\u0101m \u2013 skurste\u0146iem, rind\u0101m, kokiem
              Labas zin\u0101\u0161anas par jvm arhitekt\u016bru
              Izskaidroja vienlaic\u012bbu pret paral\u0113lismu, demonstr\u0113ja labas zin\u0101\u0161anas par daudzpavedienu lietojumprogramm\u0101m
              Laba izpratne par REST
              Labi izskaidroja db indeksus
              Izskaidroja da\u017e\u0101dus savienojumu veidus<\/p>\n\n\n\n
              <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
              Kas ir SOLID principi? Kas ir vienotas atbild\u012bbas principi (SRP): Klasei kube tikai vienai atbild\u012bbai. 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\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0446\u0438\u043f \u0442\u0435\u0437\u0438\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Raksti, kas velt\u012bti B\u012bbelei un par garu un miesu"","block_context":{"text":"Raksti, kas velt\u012bti B\u012bbelei un par garu un miesu","link":"https:\/\/vkrastev1blog.com\/category\/%d1%81%d1%82%d0%b0%d1%82%d0%b8%d0%b8-%d0%bf%d0%be%d1%81%d0%b2%d0%b5%d1%82%d0%b5%d0%bd%d0%b8-%d0%bd%d0%b0-%d0%b1%d0%b8%d0%b1%d0%bb%d0%b8%d1%8f%d1%82%d0%b0-%d0%b8-%d0%b7%d0%b0-%d0%b4%d1%83%d1%85%d0%b0\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/vkrastev1blog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/films-about-bible-and-jesus.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/vkrastev1blog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/films-about-bible-and-jesus.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/vkrastev1blog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/films-about-bible-and-jesus.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, 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\u0432\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u044a\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u0432 \u041a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b (381 \u0433.) \u2013 \u0443\u0442\u0432\u044a\u0440\u0436\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0442\u043e \u0437\u0430 \u0421\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0438\u044f \u0414\u0443\u0445 \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0445\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u044f\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0442\u043e \u2022 \u0412\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u044a\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0438 \u2022 IV \u0432\u0435\u043a \u0412\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0442 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u044a\u0431\u043e\u0440, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0437 381 \u0433. \u0432 \u041a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b, \u0435 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\u0438\u043c\u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043e \u0438\u0437\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0446\u044f\u043b\u043e \u043e\u043a\u043e \u0418\u0434\u0435\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u0441\u044a\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0437\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043e \u043e\u043a\u043e, \u043a\u043e\u0435\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u044a\u043b\u043d\u043e \u0447\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0448\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e \u043e\u043a\u043e \u0438 \u0434\u0430 \u0432\u044a\u0437\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438 \u0437\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u043f\u0438 \u0445\u043e\u0440\u0430, \u0434\u044a\u043b\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0434\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0435\u0448\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0444\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430. \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0438\u044f\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "M\u0101ksl\u012bgie org\u0101ni \u2014 cik t\u0101lu zin\u0101tne ir tikusi 2026. gad\u0101"","block_context":{"text":"M\u0101ksl\u012bgie org\u0101ni \u2014 cik t\u0101lu zin\u0101tne ir tikusi 2026. 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