{"id":297,"date":"2024-05-15T02:29:52","date_gmt":"2024-05-15T02:29:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vkrastev1blog.com\/?p=297"},"modified":"2026-09-23T18:37:01","modified_gmt":"2026-09-23T18:37:01","slug":"artifitial-eye","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vkrastev1blog.com\/2024\/05\/15\/artifitial-eye\/","title":{"rendered":"Yapay g\u00f6z - 2026'da bilimin ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 nokta"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Yapay g\u00f6z &#8211; 2026&#8217;da bilimin ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 nokta<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/vkrastev1blog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/d0bed0bad0be.jpg?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"850\" height=\"642\" data-attachment-id=\"2431\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/vkrastev1blog.com\/2024\/05\/15\/artifitial-eye\/%d0%be%d0%ba%d0%be\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/vkrastev1blog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/d0bed0bad0be.jpg?fit=850%2C642&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"850,642\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-title=\"\u043e\u043a\u043e\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/vkrastev1blog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/d0bed0bad0be.jpg?fit=850%2C642&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/vkrastev1blog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/d0bed0bad0be.jpg?resize=850%2C642&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2431\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Retina implantlar\u0131ndan yapay retinaya ve t\u00fcm g\u00f6z nakline kadar<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tamamen insan g\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn yerini alacak ve k\u00f6r insanlar\u0131n g\u00f6rme yetisini geri kazand\u0131racak yapay bir g\u00f6z yaratma fikri, uzun s\u00fcredir \u00e7o\u011funlukla bilim kurgunun i\u00e7inde yer al\u0131yordu. Ancak son y\u0131llarda biyomedikal m\u00fchendisli\u011fi, mikroelektronik, sinir bilimi ve yapay zeka bu fikri yava\u015f yava\u015f ger\u00e7ek bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma g\u00f6revine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmeye ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bug\u00fcn, retinan\u0131n veya beynin elektriksel uyar\u0131m\u0131 yoluyla g\u00f6rsel duyular \u00fcretebilen implante edilebilir sistemler zaten mevcuttur. Biyolojik retinan\u0131n baz\u0131 i\u015flevlerini yeniden \u00fcreten yapay retinalar da geli\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. 2025 y\u0131l\u0131nda, PRIMA sisteminin klinik sonu\u00e7lar\u0131, ileri derecede makula dejenerasyonu olan hastalar\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131nda fonksiyonel merkezi g\u00f6rmenin d\u00fczeldi\u011fini g\u00f6sterdi. (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/full\/10.1056\/nejmoa2501396?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">New England T\u0131p Dergisi<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A\u011fustos 2026&#8217;da Hong Kong Bilim ve Teknoloji \u00dcniversitesi&#8217;nden ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar \u015funlar\u0131 yay\u0131nlad\u0131: <em>Do\u011fa Malzemeleri<\/em> yeni bir sistem ad\u0131 verildi <strong>THE-BRENA<\/strong>, tam renkli bir g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcye ve \u00e7ok geni\u015f bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f alan\u0131na sahip, y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckl\u00fc yar\u0131 k\u00fcresel bir yapay retinay\u0131 temsil eder. (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41563-026-02685-5?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">Do\u011fa<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu etkileyici ba\u015far\u0131lara ra\u011fmen bilim, 2026 y\u0131l\u0131 itibar\u0131yla h\u00e2l\u00e2 insan g\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn yerine yerle\u015ftirilip onun i\u015flevlerini tam olarak yeniden \u00fcretebilecek bir yapay g\u00f6ze sahip de\u011fil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0130nsan g\u00f6z\u00fc tam olarak nedir?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0130\u015fin karma\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlamak i\u00e7in g\u00f6z\u00fcn sadece biyolojik bir kamera olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 unutulmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0130nsan g\u00f6z\u00fc, kornea, mercek ve \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 retinaya odaklayan di\u011fer yap\u0131lardan olu\u015fan bir optik sistem i\u00e7erir. Retina ise basit bir \u0131\u015f\u0131k sens\u00f6r\u00fc de\u011fildir. Fotoresept\u00f6rler (\u00e7ubuklar ve koniler) ve di\u011fer bir\u00e7ok sinir h\u00fccresi t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc i\u00e7eren karma\u015f\u0131k bir sinir dokusudur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Al\u0131nan bilgi elektrik sinyallerine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr, k\u0131smen retinada i\u015flenir ve ard\u0131ndan optik sinir arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla beyne iletilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu nedenle, eksiksiz bir yapay g\u00f6z\u00fcn ayn\u0131 anda bir\u00e7ok farkl\u0131 m\u00fchendislik ve biyolojik problemi \u00e7\u00f6zmesi gerekir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0131\u015f\u0131k almak i\u00e7in;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcy\u00fc odaklamak i\u00e7in;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 elektrik sinyallerine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmek;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>g\u00f6rsel bilgiyi i\u015flemek;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>bu bilgiyi sinir sistemiyle uyumlu olacak \u015fekilde kodlamak;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>sinyalleri beyne iletmek;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>insan v\u00fccudunda g\u00fcvenli bir \u015fekilde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>minimum miktarda enerji kullanmak;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>biyouyumlu olmak;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ve uzun y\u0131llar boyunca g\u00fcvenilir bir \u015fekilde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tamamen i\u015flevsel bir yapay g\u00f6z yaratman\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcndeki en b\u00fcy\u00fck engellerden biri, son ad\u0131m olan insan beyniyle ileti\u015fimdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Argus II projesi \u2013 ilk b\u00fcy\u00fck ba\u015far\u0131lardan biri<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Yapay g\u00f6rme alan\u0131ndaki en \u00fcnl\u00fc projelerden biri <strong>Argus II Retina Protez Sistemi<\/strong>, orijinal olarak Second Sight Medical Products taraf\u0131ndan geli\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sistem, g\u00f6zl\u00fck \u00fczerine monte edilmi\u015f k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir kamera kullan\u0131yor. Kamera, harici bir i\u015flemci taraf\u0131ndan i\u015flenen bir g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcy\u00fc al\u0131r. Bilgi daha sonra elektrotlar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla retinay\u0131 uyaran implante edilmi\u015f bir elektronik sisteme iletilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Argus II, retinitis pigmentosa nedeniyle ciddi g\u00f6rme kayb\u0131 olan baz\u0131 hastalarda kullan\u0131lmak \u00fczere Avrupa onay\u0131 ald\u0131 ve \u015eubat 2013&#8217;te \u0130nsani Cihaz Muafiyeti prosed\u00fcr\u00fc kapsam\u0131nda ABD FDA&#8217;dan onay ald\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sistem, elektronik bir implant\u0131n faydal\u0131 yapay g\u00f6rsel alg\u0131y\u0131 tetikleyebilece\u011finin \u00f6nemli bir g\u00f6stergesiydi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ancak Argus II&#8217;nin tam anlam\u0131yla bir yapay g\u00f6z olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmekte fayda var.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sistem g\u00f6z\u00fcn optik sisteminin yerini almaz, normal retinay\u0131 yeniden \u00fcretmez ve do\u011fal g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f sa\u011flamaz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ayr\u0131ca Argus II art\u0131k mevcut bir ticari sistem de\u011fil. Geli\u015ftiricilerin yeni nesil yapay g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f teknolojisine odaklanmas\u0131 nedeniyle \u00fcretim ve sat\u0131\u015f durduruldu. (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sec.gov\/Archives\/edgar\/data\/1266806\/000156459020040021\/eyes-10q_20200630.htm?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">SEC<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Harvard\/MIT ve retina alt\u0131 implantlar<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bir di\u011fer \u00f6nemli ara\u015ft\u0131rma yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131, Joseph Rizzo ve John Wyatt&#8217;\u0131n da aralar\u0131nda bulundu\u011fu Massachusetts Eye and Ear ve MIT ile ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 ekipler taraf\u0131ndan geli\u015ftirildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu yakla\u015f\u0131mda, elektrot dizisi retinan\u0131n alt\u0131ndaki subretinal bo\u015flu\u011fa yerle\u015ftirilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Buradaki fikir, elektronik implant\u0131n retinan\u0131n do\u011fal yap\u0131s\u0131na daha yak\u0131n konumland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve geri kalan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan sinir h\u00fccrelerini uyarmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu, retina ganglion h\u00fccrelerini do\u011frudan uyaran sistemlerden temelde farkl\u0131 bir yakla\u015f\u0131md\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu t\u00fcr ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar, modern g\u00f6rsel protezlerin ana ilkelerinden birini ortaya koyuyor: Teknoloji, biyolojik organ\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131 onarmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak yerine, g\u00f6rme sisteminin hasarl\u0131 bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 atlayabilir ve bilgiyi geri kalan i\u015flevsel sinir yap\u0131lar\u0131na aktarabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">PRIMA \u2013 yeni nesil fotovoltaik yapay retina<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En ilgin\u00e7 modern yakla\u015f\u0131mlardan biri <strong>PRIMA<\/strong>, ilk olarak Stanford \u00dcniversitesi&#8217;nde Daniel Palanker&#8217;in ekibi taraf\u0131ndan geli\u015ftirildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">PRIMA, birden fazla mikroskobik fotodiyottan olu\u015fan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir retina alt\u0131 fotovoltaik implant kullan\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sistemde kamera ve optik sistem i\u00e7eren \u00f6zel g\u00f6zl\u00fckler kullan\u0131l\u0131yor. Ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc yak\u0131n k\u0131z\u0131l\u00f6tesi \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011fa d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr ve implant\u0131n \u00fczerine yans\u0131t\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0130mplanttaki fotodiyotlar, \u0131\u015f\u0131k darbelerini retinadaki sinir h\u00fccrelerini uyaran elektrik sinyallerine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u00f6ylece sistem, g\u00f6z\u00fcn do\u011fal sinir mimarisinin bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 tamamen de\u011fi\u015ftirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak yerine kullan\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Klinik sonu\u00e7lar<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">PRIMA&#8217;n\u0131n geni\u015f klinik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131, \u015fu adreste yay\u0131nland\u0131: <em>New England T\u0131p Dergisi<\/em>, retina protezlerinin geli\u015ftirilmesinde \u00f6nemli bir a\u015famay\u0131 temsil eder.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00c7al\u0131\u015fmada ya\u015fa ba\u011fl\u0131 makula dejenerasyonuna ba\u011fl\u0131 co\u011frafik atrofisi olan 38 hastaya implant uyguland\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">12 ayda takip edilen 32 hastan\u0131n 26&#8217;s\u0131nda (veya %81&#8217;inde) g\u00f6rme keskinli\u011finde klinik olarak anlaml\u0131 bir iyile\u015fme g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc. (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/full\/10.1056\/nejmoa2501396?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">New England T\u0131p Dergisi<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dijital b\u00fcy\u00fctmeyi kullan\u0131rken, baz\u0131 kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar kitap, etiket ve di\u011fer g\u00fcnl\u00fck nesneler de dahil olmak \u00fczere metinleri okuyabilmelerini sa\u011flayan g\u00f6rme keskinli\u011fine ula\u015ft\u0131lar. (<a href=\"https:\/\/med.stanford.edu\/news\/all-news\/2025\/10\/eye-prosthesis.html?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">Stanford T\u0131p<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu son derece \u00f6nemli bir sonu\u00e7 ancak PRIMA yine tam anlam\u0131yla bir yapay g\u00f6z de\u011fil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Belirli bir hastal\u0131kta g\u00f6rme fonksiyonunun s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 geri kazand\u0131r\u0131r ve geri kalan biyolojik g\u00f6rme sistemini kullan\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Biyonik G\u00f6rme Teknolojileri<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">taraf\u0131ndan geli\u015ftirilen ba\u015fka bir yakla\u015f\u0131m <strong>Biyonik G\u00f6rme Teknolojileri (BVT)<\/strong> Avustralya&#8217;da.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u015eirket, g\u00f6z\u00fcn yerini de\u011fi\u015ftirmeden elektrotlar\u0131n g\u00f6z\u00fcn arka k\u0131sm\u0131na yak\u0131n bir yere yerle\u015ftirildi\u011fi suprakoroidal bir sistem geli\u015ftiriyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Elektronik retina protezleriyle ilgili yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015f incelemeler, hastalar\u0131n bir alt grubunda \u0131\u015f\u0131k alg\u0131s\u0131 ve fonksiyonel iyile\u015fmelerle birlikte erken klinik sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamaktad\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 zamanda sistem, insan g\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn yerine yayg\u0131n olarak bulunabilecek bir alternatif olarak d\u00fczenleyici makamlardan onay almad\u0131. (<a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC12994432\/?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">PubMed Merkezi (PMC)<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Teknoloji, yapay g\u00f6rmeye giden ba\u015fka bir olas\u0131 yolu g\u00f6steriyor: g\u00f6z organ\u0131n\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131 fiziksel olarak de\u011fi\u015ftirmeden, g\u00f6rsel sistemin elektriksel olarak uyar\u0131lmas\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Orion &#8211; g\u00f6z\u00fc atlayarak<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu daha radikal bir yakla\u015f\u0131m <strong>Orion G\u00f6rsel Kortikal Protez Sistemi<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sistem, g\u00f6ze elektronik bir implant yerle\u015ftirmek yerine, hasarl\u0131 g\u00f6z\u00fc bypass ederek beynin g\u00f6rsel korteksini do\u011frudan uyarmay\u0131 ama\u00e7l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu yakla\u015f\u0131mda, kamera \u00e7evre hakk\u0131nda bilgi al\u0131r ve elektronik bir sistem, bilgiyi g\u00f6rsel korteks b\u00f6lgesine implante edilen elektrotlara beslenen elektriksel uyar\u0131lara d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu durum \u00f6zellikle sadece retinan\u0131n de\u011fil g\u00f6z\u00fcn di\u011fer k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n da ciddi \u015fekilde hasar g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc hastal\u0131klarda ilgi \u00e7ekicidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Geli\u015ftiriciler taraf\u0131ndan a\u00e7\u0131klanan bilgilere g\u00f6re Orion&#8217;un alt\u0131 y\u0131ll\u0131k erken klinik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131, klinik geli\u015fimin bir sonraki a\u015famas\u0131 hedefiyle Mart 2025&#8217;te sona erdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Orion, gelecekteki &#8220;yapay g\u00f6z\u00fcn&#8221; asl\u0131nda g\u00f6zle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olmayabilece\u011fini g\u00f6steriyor. B\u00fct\u00fcn bir sistemi temsil edebilir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>kamera \u2192 i\u015flemci \u2192 sinir kodu \u2192 beyin implant\u0131 \u2192 g\u00f6rsel korteks<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Yeni nesil: THE-BRENA \u2013 tam renkli g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fe sahip yapay retina<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A\u011fustos 2026&#8217;da dergide <em>Do\u011fa Malzemeleri<\/em> Hong Kong Bilim ve Teknoloji \u00dcniversitesi&#8217;nden bir ekip taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6zellikle ilgin\u00e7 bir geli\u015fme yay\u0131nland\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, biyo-esinli bir sistem sunuyorlar. <strong>THE-BRENA<\/strong>yar\u0131m k\u00fcre yapay retinaya dayanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Teknoloji \u015funlar\u0131 i\u00e7erir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>367.500 piksel;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>yo\u011funluk in\u00e7 ba\u015f\u0131na 1.905 piksel;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>tam renkli g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>spektral aral\u0131k yakla\u015f\u0131k 300 ila 800 nm aras\u0131ndad\u0131r;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>160\u00b0&#8217;nin \u00fczerinde g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f alan\u0131;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Do\u011frudan sens\u00f6rde hareket i\u015fleme. (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41563-026-02685-5?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">Do\u011fa<\/a>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00d6zellikle ilgin\u00e7 olan, sistemin insan retinas\u0131n\u0131n geometrisine benzer kavisli, yar\u0131 k\u00fcresel bir yap\u0131 kullanmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Geleneksel bir kamerada, d\u00fcz sens\u00f6r ve optik sistemin \u00e7e\u015fitli optik sapmalar\u0131 telafi etmesi gerekir. Yar\u0131m k\u00fcre tasar\u0131m\u0131yla bu s\u0131n\u0131rlamalardan baz\u0131lar\u0131 azalt\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sistem ayr\u0131ca, hareket alg\u0131lama s\u0131ras\u0131nda gerekli bilgi ak\u0131\u015f\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir azalma oldu\u011funu da g\u00f6sterdi; yazarlar, belirli bir deneyde geleneksel \u00e7er\u00e7eve tabanl\u0131 i\u015flemeyle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda %99,95&#8217;in \u00fczerinde daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bant geni\u015fli\u011fi gereksinimleri bildirdiler. (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41563-026-02685-5?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">Do\u011fa<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ancak \u015funu vurgulamak \u00f6nemlidir: THE-BRENA <strong>biyo-esinli yapay g\u00f6rsel sens\u00f6r<\/strong>insana yerle\u015ftirilen yapay bir g\u00f6z de\u011fil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu ayr\u0131m esast\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u00fcm insan g\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn ilk nakli<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Elektronik g\u00f6zlerin geli\u015fimine paralel olarak son derece ilgin\u00e7 bir bilimsel yakla\u015f\u0131m daha geli\u015ftirilmektedir: biyolojik bir g\u00f6z\u00fcn tamam\u0131n\u0131n nakli.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">May\u0131s 2023&#8217;te NYU Langone Health&#8217;teki bir ekip, y\u00fcz\u00fcn bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n nakliyle birlikte d\u00fcnyada bilinen ilk ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 insan g\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn naklini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hasta Aaron James \u015fiddetli elektrik \u00e7arpmas\u0131 sonucu g\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc ve y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00f6nemli bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc kaybetti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Operasyon s\u0131ras\u0131nda doktorlar g\u00f6z\u00fcn tamam\u0131n\u0131, g\u00f6z yuvas\u0131n\u0131 ve g\u00f6rme sinirini di\u011fer dokularla birlikte naklediyorlar. Operasyon yakla\u015f\u0131k 21 saat s\u00fcrmektedir. (<a href=\"https:\/\/nyulangone.org\/news\/nyu-langone-health-performs-worlds-first-whole-eye-partial-face-transplant?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">NYU Langone Sa\u011fl\u0131k<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sonu\u00e7, nakil t\u0131bb\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan dikkate de\u011ferdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nakledilen g\u00f6z canl\u0131 kal\u0131r. Retinaya normal kan ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve kan ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 g\u00f6zlemlendi ve baz\u0131 fotoresept\u00f6rler (\u00e7ubuklar ve koniler) hayatta kald\u0131. (<a href=\"https:\/\/nyulangone.org\/news\/worlds-first-whole-eye-partial-face-transplant-recipient-achieves-remarkable-recovery-viable-eye-one-year-after-landmark-surgery?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">NYU Langone Sa\u011fl\u0131k<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ancak nakledilen g\u00f6zle hastan\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc d\u00fczelemedi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu, g\u00f6z nakli tarihindeki en \u00f6nemli bilimsel ger\u00e7eklerden biridir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Optik sinirin iyile\u015fmesi neden bu kadar zor?<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Optik sinir s\u0131radan bir kablo de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Retinay\u0131 beyindeki \u00e7e\u015fitli yap\u0131lara ba\u011flayan \u00e7ok say\u0131da sinir lifi i\u00e7erir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">G\u00f6z naklinde doktorlar \u015funlar\u0131 d\u00fczeltebilir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>kan temini;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>g\u00f6z\u00fcn mekanik konumu;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>anatomik yap\u0131lar;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>dokular\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>retinan\u0131n i\u015fleyi\u015fi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ancak bu, otomatik olarak retinadan gelen bilginin beyne i\u015flevsel bir \u015fekilde ula\u015fabilece\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelmez.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sinir liflerinin merkezi sinir sistemiyle d\u00fczg\u00fcn bir \u015fekilde ba\u011flanmas\u0131 ve karma\u015f\u0131k sinir yollar\u0131n\u0131n onar\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu, Aaron James&#8217;in nakledilen g\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn canl\u0131 kalmas\u0131n\u0131n ancak g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc geri getirememesinin ana nedenlerinden biridir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">B\u00fcy\u00fck \u0130nsan G\u00f6z\u00fc Nakli Program\u0131<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">NYU Langone&#8217;nin ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131 daha b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli ara\u015ft\u0131rmalara zemin haz\u0131rl\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2024 y\u0131l\u0131nda ABD Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u0130\u00e7in \u0130leri Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Projeleri Ajans\u0131 (ARPA-H) program\u0131 ba\u015flatt\u0131 <strong>\u0130nsan G\u00f6z\u00fc Allogreft Transplantasyonu (THEA)<\/strong> 132 milyon ABD Dolar\u0131na kadar potansiyel finansmanla.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ama\u00e7, gelecekte g\u00f6rmeyi yeniden sa\u011flayabilecek bir insan g\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn tamam\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir \u015fekilde nakledilmesi i\u00e7in y\u00f6ntemler geli\u015ftirmektir. (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ucihealth.org\/blog\/2026\/07\/whole-eye-transplant-research?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">ucihealth.org<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2025 y\u0131l\u0131nda NYU Langone, 40&#8217;tan fazla bilim adam\u0131, doktor ve sekt\u00f6r temsilcisinin kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131yla, tam g\u00f6z naklini olas\u0131 bir g\u00f6rme geri kazand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 tedavi haline getirmeyi ama\u00e7layan b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli bir projeye kat\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da duyurdu. (<a href=\"https:\/\/nyulangone.org\/news\/nyu-langone-part-56-million-award-project-make-vision-restoring-whole-eye-transplants-reality?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">NYU Langone Sa\u011fl\u0131k<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu durum, bilimin art\u0131k t\u00fcm g\u00f6z naklini teorik olarak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn g\u00f6rmedi\u011fini g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Elektronik yapay g\u00f6z biyolojik nakile kar\u015f\u0131<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0130ki ana yakla\u015f\u0131m temelde farkl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Elektronik yapay g\u00f6z<\/strong> biyolojik g\u00f6rsel sistemin i\u015flevini elektronik, sens\u00f6rler, hesaplamal\u0131 algoritmalar ve n\u00f6rostim\u00fclasyon yoluyla de\u011fi\u015ftirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Bir g\u00f6z\u00fcn tamam\u0131n\u0131n nakli<\/strong> biyolojik g\u00f6rme organ\u0131n\u0131 korumaya ve sinir sistemi ile ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 yeniden sa\u011flamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Gelecekte bu iki yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 birle\u015ftirmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00d6rne\u011fin gelecekteki bir sistem \u015funlar\u0131 i\u00e7erebilir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>yapay optik \u2192 yapay retina \u2192 sinirsel aray\u00fcz \u2192 optik sinir \u2192 beyin<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">veya:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>kamera \u2192 Yapay Zeka i\u015fleme \u2192 beyin implant\u0131 \u2192 g\u00f6rsel korteks<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc bir se\u00e7enek ise rejeneratif t\u0131p ve optik sinir onar\u0131m teknolojilerinin yard\u0131m\u0131yla biyolojik olarak nakledilen g\u00f6zd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Modern yapay g\u00f6zden eksik olan ne?<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Muazzam ilerlemeye ra\u011fmen, modern protezlerle insan g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc aras\u0131nda temel bir fark var.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0130nsan g\u00f6z\u00fc ve beyni tek bir sistem olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0130nsan retinas\u0131, sinyaller beyne ula\u015fmadan \u00f6nce bile g\u00f6rsel bilginin karma\u015f\u0131k \u00f6n i\u015flemesini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirir. Sistem \u00e7ok geni\u015f bir dinamik aral\u0131\u011fa sahiptir, \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011fa uyum sa\u011flar, hareketi, rengi ve kontrast\u0131 alg\u0131lar ve son derece d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck g\u00fc\u00e7 t\u00fcketimiyle s\u00fcrekli \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Modern elektronik protezler hen\u00fcz t\u00fcm bu i\u015flevleri yeniden \u00fcretemez.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bir\u00e7o\u011funda g\u00f6rsel alg\u0131, \u0131\u015f\u0131k noktalar\u0131, \u015fekiller, konturlar veya nispeten d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckl\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">PRIMA, baz\u0131 hastalar\u0131n metin okumas\u0131na izin verdi\u011fi i\u00e7in ileriye do\u011fru at\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u00f6nemli bir ad\u0131m\u0131 temsil ediyor, ancak ayn\u0131 zamanda normal g\u00f6rmeyi de geri getirmiyor. (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/full\/10.1056\/nejmoa2501396?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">New England T\u0131p Dergisi<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Yapay g\u00f6z insan g\u00f6z\u00fcnden daha iyi olabilir mi?<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u00fchendislik a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bu kavramsal olarak m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Gelecekteki bir yapay g\u00f6rme sistemi, potansiyel olarak insan\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr spektrumunun \u00f6tesindeki aral\u0131klar\u0131, \u00f6rne\u011fin yak\u0131n k\u0131z\u0131l\u00f6tesi aral\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u015eunlar\u0131 yapabilirdi:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>optik veya dijital yak\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131rma;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u0131\u015f\u0131kta otomatik g\u00fc\u00e7lendirme;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>k\u0131z\u0131l\u00f6tesi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ultra geni\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f alan\u0131;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>AI nesne tan\u0131ma;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>mesafelerin do\u011frudan \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc kayd\u0131;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>kablosuz ileti\u015fim;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>uyarlanabilir optik.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu anlamda gelece\u011fin yapay g\u00f6z\u00fc sadece insan g\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn bir kopyas\u0131 de\u011fil ayn\u0131 zamanda <strong>Do\u011fal g\u00f6rmenin sahip olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yeteneklere sahip biyonik g\u00f6rme sistemi<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ancak bu yine de bilimsel ve teknolojik bir bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r, klinik bir ger\u00e7eklik de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2026 y\u0131l\u0131nda teknolojinin durumu<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Eyl\u00fcl 2026 itibar\u0131yla birka\u00e7 farkl\u0131 geli\u015fme d\u00fczeyi ay\u0131rt edilebilir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Teknoloji<\/th><th>Durum<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Argus II<\/td><td>Tarihsel olarak kan\u0131tlanm\u0131\u015f retina protezi; \u00fcretim durduruldu<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>PRIMA<\/td><td>S\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 fonksiyonel g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc geri kazand\u0131ran klinik olarak kan\u0131tlanm\u0131\u015f teknoloji<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Biyonik G\u00f6rme Teknolojileri<\/td><td>Yapay g\u00f6rme i\u00e7in implante edilebilir sistemlerin geli\u015ftirilmesi<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Avc\u0131<\/td><td>Kortikal g\u00f6rsel protezin geli\u015ftirilmesi<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>THE-BRENA<\/td><td>Y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckl\u00fc biyo-ilhaml\u0131 yapay retina\/g\u00f6rsel sens\u00f6r<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>T\u00fcm g\u00f6z nakli<\/td><td>\u0130nsanda g\u00f6sterildi ancak g\u00f6rmede d\u00fczelme olmad\u0131<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Tamamen i\u015flevsel bir elektronik yapay g\u00f6z<\/td><td>Hen\u00fcz ula\u015f\u0131lamad\u0131<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Bir sonraki b\u00fcy\u00fck s\u0131n\u0131r: makine ile beyin aras\u0131ndaki ba\u011flant\u0131<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As\u0131l sorun art\u0131k sadece insan g\u00f6z\u00fcne benzeyen bir kamera yaratmak de\u011fil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Modern mikroelektronik son derece hassas g\u00f6rsel sens\u00f6rler yaratabilir. Yeni yar\u0131m k\u00fcre sens\u00f6rler, retinan\u0131n geometrisini bile taklit edebiliyor ve g\u00f6rsel bilgiyi do\u011frudan sens\u00f6rde i\u015fleyebiliyor. (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41563-026-02685-5?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">Do\u011fa<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As\u0131l zorluk, <strong>sinirsel aray\u00fcz<\/strong>Elektronik g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcy\u00fc insan beyni taraf\u0131ndan anla\u015f\u0131labilecek sinir sinyallerine g\u00fcvenilir bir \u015fekilde d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrebilen bir teknoloji.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu sadece optik konusunda de\u011fil ayn\u0131 zamanda a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki konularda da bilgi sahibi olmay\u0131 gerektirir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>n\u00f6rofizyoloji;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>sinirsel kodlama;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>sinaptik i\u015fleme;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>beyin plastisitesi;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>sinir dokusunun yenilenmesi;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>biyouyumlu malzemeler;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>mikroelektronik;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>yapay zeka.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu nedenle yapay g\u00f6z, insan\u0131n y\u00f6r\u00fcngesine yerle\u015ftirilen basit bir kameradan \u00e7ok daha fazlas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Yapay g\u00f6rmenin son y\u0131llardaki geli\u015fimi dikkate de\u011fer bir ilerleme g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Argus II, elektronik bir sistemin yapay g\u00f6rsel alg\u0131 yaratabilece\u011fini kan\u0131tlad\u0131. PRIMA, ciddi makula dejenerasyonu olan bir grup hastada fonksiyonel merkezi g\u00f6rmenin restorasyonunu g\u00f6stererek b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ad\u0131m daha att\u0131. Orion gibi kortikal sistemler, hasarl\u0131 g\u00f6z\u00fc atlay\u0131p beyinle do\u011frudan etkile\u015fime ge\u00e7menin bir yolunu ar\u0131yor. Bu arada, 2026&#8217;da yay\u0131nlanan THE-BRENA gibi biyo-esinli yeni yapay retinalar, g\u00f6rsel sens\u00f6r teknolojisinin ne kadar h\u0131zl\u0131 geli\u015fti\u011fini g\u00f6steriyor. (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/full\/10.1056\/nejmoa2501396?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">New England T\u0131p Dergisi<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Buna paralel olarak, ilk kez tam bir insan g\u00f6z\u00fc nakli, g\u00f6z organ\u0131n\u0131n nakledilmesinin ve canl\u0131 kalmas\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterdi; ancak g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn yeniden sa\u011flanmas\u0131, g\u00f6z ile beyin aras\u0131ndaki son derece karma\u015f\u0131k ba\u011flant\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir \u015fekilde yeniden kurulmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirir. (<a href=\"https:\/\/nyulangone.org\/news\/worlds-first-whole-eye-partial-face-transplant-recipient-achieves-remarkable-recovery-viable-eye-one-year-after-landmark-surgery?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">NYU Langone Sa\u011fl\u0131k<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu nedenle <strong>2026, hala insan g\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn yerini tamamen alabilecek ve normal insan g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc geri getirebilecek bir yapay g\u00f6z yok<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ancak bilimsel tablo zaten on veya yirmi y\u0131l \u00f6ncesinden farkl\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bug\u00fcn bilim insanlar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan retina protezlerine, yapay retinalara, beyin aray\u00fczlerine, y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckl\u00fc biyo-ilhaml\u0131 g\u00f6rsel sens\u00f6rlere ve kan\u0131tlanm\u0131\u015f ilk nakledilen insan g\u00f6z\u00fcne sahip.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bir sonraki b\u00fcy\u00fck ad\u0131m, bu teknolojileri yaln\u0131zca \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 alg\u0131lamakla kalmay\u0131p \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011fa d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcren tek bir sistemde bir araya getirmek olacak. <strong>insan beyninin anlayabilece\u011fi tam te\u015fekk\u00fcll\u00fc g\u00f6rsel alg\u0131<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">O zaman yapay g\u00f6z art\u0131k sadece bir protez olmaktan \u00e7\u0131kacak.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Yeni bir t\u00fcr olacak <strong>biyonik g\u00f6rme organ\u0131<\/strong>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Yapay g\u00f6z &#8211; 2026&#8217;da bilimin ula\u015f\u0131m nokta Retina implantlar\u0131ndan yapay retinaya ve t\u00fcm g\u00f6z nakline kadar Tamamen insan\u0131n g\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn yerini alacak ve k\u00f6r \u0131ndurinin g\u00f6rme yetisini geri kag\u0131\u015faracak yapay bir g\u00f6z \u015farma fikri, uzun s\u0131\u011f\u0131nak \u00e7e\u015fti bilim kurgunun i\u00e7inde yer al\u0131yordu. Anjak son olanda biyomedikal m\u00fcnhedisli\u011fi, mikroelektronik, sinir bilimi ve yapay zeka bu fikri tanr\u0131m [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":65283547,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_first_post":false,"_jetpack_hide_featured_image":false,"_jetpack_featured_image_duplicate_dismissed":0,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":false,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[792630314],"tags":[771609254,792630320],"class_list":["post-297","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-yapay-organlar-2026da-bilim-ne-kadar-ilerledi","tag-yapay-goz","tag-792630320"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p4CoHV-4N","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":291,"url":"https:\/\/vkrastev1blog.com\/2024\/05\/15\/artifitial-ear\/","url_meta":{"origin":297,"position":0},"title":"Yapay kulak - 2026'da bilimin ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 nokta","author":"vkrastev2014","date":"15.05.2024","format":false,"excerpt":"\u0418\u0437\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0443\u0445\u043e \u2013 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u044a\u0434\u0435 \u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0433\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0437 2026 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u041e\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u0445\u043b\u0435\u0430\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043e \u043d\u0430\u043f\u044a\u043b\u043d\u043e \u0438\u043c\u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0431\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0443\u0445\u043e \u0427\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0448\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0443\u0445\u043e \u0435 \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d \u043e\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0439-\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u043d\u0437\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438 \u0432 \u0447\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0448\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0442\u044f\u043b\u043e. \u0422\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e \u0443\u043b\u0430\u0432\u044f \u0437\u0432\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u044a\u043b\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430, \u043d\u043e \u0438 \u0433\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0432\u0430 \u0432 \u0435\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u0438\u0433\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0438\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0437\u044a\u043a\u044a\u0442\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Yapay organlar - 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2026'da bilimin ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 nokta","author":"vkrastev2014","date":"23.09.2026","format":false,"excerpt":"\u0418\u0437\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u2013 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u044a\u0434\u0435 \u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0433\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0437 2026 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u041c\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0434\u0430 \u0441\u044a\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0434\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442 \u0438 \u0432\u044a\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043b\u0438 \u0435 \u0442\u044f \u0434\u0430 \u0431\u044a\u0434\u0435 3D \u0431\u0438\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0430? \u041a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0430 \u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0439-\u0437\u0430\u0431\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0438 \u0432 \u0447\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0448\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0442\u044f\u043b\u043e. \u0422\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0432\u044a\u0440\u0434\u0430 \u201e\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043a\u0430\u201c, \u043a\u043e\u044f\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u044a\u0440\u0436\u0430 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0430. \u041a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0442\u044a\u043a\u0430\u043d \u0435 \u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0435\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Yapay organlar - 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