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class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ece\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u539f\u5219\uff1a\u67d0\u4e9b\u4e1c\u897f\u53ef\u80fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u76f4\u63a5\u89c2\u5bdf\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u662f\u4ece\u5b83\u5bf9\u5176\u4ed6\u7269\u4f53\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u63a8\u65ad\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ece\u5b97\u6559\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u539f\u5219\u4e5f\u5f88\u6709\u8da3\u3002\u5728\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4f20\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5e76\u4e0d\u88ab\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u5fc5\u987b\u901a\u8fc7\u671b\u8fdc\u955c\u89c2\u5bdf\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u88ab\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u7cbe\u795e\u73b0\u5b9e\uff0c\u5176\u884c\u4e3a\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u521b\u9020\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u548c\u79e9\u5e8f\u6765\u601d\u8003\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u54f2\u5b66\u7c7b\u6bd4\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6697\u7269\u8d28\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u529b\u91cf\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u8bc1\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u6697\u80fd\u91cf\uff1f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6697\u80fd\u91cf\u4e0e\u6697\u7269\u8d28\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u867d\u7136\u6697\u7269\u8d28\u901a\u8fc7\u5f15\u529b\u663e\u73b0\u5e76\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5b87\u5b99\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u5f62\u6210\uff0c\u4f46\u6697\u80fd\u91cf\u662f\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u7ed9\u4e0e\u5b87\u5b99\u52a0\u901f\u81a8\u80c0\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u672a\u77e5\u6210\u5206\u6216\u7269\u7406\u673a\u5236\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1998\u5e74\uff0c\u4e24\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7814\u7a76\u5c0f\u7ec4\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5728\u5b87\u5b99\u81a8\u80c0\u9010\u6e10\u51cf\u6162\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\uff0c\u9065\u8fdc\u7684Ia\u578b\u8d85\u65b0\u661f\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u6bd4\u9884\u671f\u7684\u8981\u8fdc\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u53d1\u73b0\u5f97\u51fa\u4e86\u5b87\u5b99\u6b63\u5728\u52a0\u901f\u81a8\u80c0\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u3002 2011 \u5e74\uff0c\u7d22\u5c14\u00b7\u73c0\u5c14\u7a46\u7279 (Saul Perlmutter)\u3001\u5e03\u83b1\u6069\u00b7\u65bd\u5bc6\u7279 (Brian Schmidt) \u548c\u4e9a\u5f53\u00b7\u91cc\u65af (Adam Riess) \u56e0\u4e0e\u8fd9\u4e00\u73b0\u8c61\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u53d1\u73b0\u800c\u83b7\u5f97\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5956\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4eca\u5929\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5b87\u5b99\u6b63\u5728\u81a8\u80c0\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u89c2\u5bdf\u8868\u660e\u5176\u6269\u5f20\u6b63\u5728\u52a0\u901f\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5728\u6807\u51c6\u5b87\u5b99\u5b66\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6697\u80fd\u91cf\u7ea6\u5360\u5b87\u5b99\u603b\u80fd\u91cf\u9884\u7b97\u7684 68-70%\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5176\u57fa\u672c\u7269\u7406\u6027\u8d28\u5c1a\u672a\u660e\u786e\u786e\u5b9a\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u5b83\u662f\u5426\u662f\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u56fa\u6709\u5c5e\u6027\u3001\u52a8\u6001\u573a\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8868\u660e\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u91cd\u529b\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u4eec\u62e5\u6709\u63cf\u8ff0\u6697\u80fd\u91cf\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u89c2\u6d4b\u8bc1\u636e\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u786e\u5207\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u91cc\u5fc5\u987b\u505a\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u533a\u522b\uff1a\u6697\u80fd\u91cf\u5c1a\u672a\u88ab\u786e\u5b9a\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u771f\u6b63\u5c06\u661f\u7cfb\u63a8\u5f00\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u673a\u68b0\u529b\u3002\u5728\u6807\u51c6\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e2d\uff0c\u52a0\u901f\u81a8\u80c0\u4e0e\u5e7f\u4e49\u76f8\u5bf9\u8bba\u65b9\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6697\u80fd\u91cf\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u542b\u91cf\u548c\u8d1f\u538b\u76f8\u5173\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. \u6697\u80fd\u91cf\u7684\u6d4b\u91cf\u5355\u4f4d\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u5b83\u4ee3\u8868\u591a\u5c11\u5343\u7126\u8033\uff1f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u533a\u5206 <strong>\u80fd\u91cf\u603b\u91cf<\/strong> \u548c <strong>\u80fd\u91cf\u5bc6\u5ea6<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7126\u8033 (J) \u662f\u80fd\u91cf\u5355\u4f4d\uff0c\u5343\u7126\u8033 (kJ) \u7b49\u4e8e 1,000 \u7126\u8033\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6697\u80fd\u91cf\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u80fd\u91cf\u5bc6\u5ea6\u6765\u8868\u5f81\uff1a\u4e0e\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f53\u79ef\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6697\u80fd\u91cf\u7684\u8fd1\u4f3c\u80fd\u91cf\u5bc6\u5ea6<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u76ee\u524d\u6697\u80fd\u91cf\u5bc6\u5ea6\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u4f30\u8ba1\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u5927\u7ea6\u6bcf\u7acb\u65b9\u7c73 6 \u00d7 10\u207b10 \u7126\u8033 (J\/m3)\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u5343\u7126\u6bcf\u7acb\u65b9\u7c73\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5219\u53d8\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u5927\u7ea6 6 \u00d7 10^3 kJ\/m3\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u662f\u4e0e\u53d7\u89c2\u6d4b\u7ea6\u675f\u7684\u5b87\u5b99\u5b66\u6a21\u578b\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u8fd1\u4f3c\u503c\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u662f\u5bf9\u672a\u77e5\u5fae\u89c2\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u6d4b\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e4d\u4e00\u770b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u663e\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u5c0f\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5b83\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6bcf\u7acb\u65b9\u7c73\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u5f53\u8003\u8651\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u5b87\u5b99\u4f53\u79ef\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0e\u8be5\u5bc6\u5ea6\u76f8\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u603b\u80fd\u91cf\u53d8\u5f97\u5de8\u5927\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6697\u80fd\u91cf\u5728\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u7684\u5b87\u5b99\u4e2d\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u591a\u5c11\u80fd\u91cf\uff1f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f7f\u7528\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u5b87\u5b99\u7684\u5927\u7ea6 465 \u4ebf\u5149\u5e74\u534a\u5f84\uff0c\u5e76\u5047\u8bbe\u5e73\u5747\u6697\u80fd\u91cf\u5bc6\u5ea6\u4e3a 6 \u00d7 10\u207b10 J\/m3\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u51fa\u8bf4\u660e\u6027\u7684\u4f30\u8ba1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5173\u7cfb\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>E = \u03c1E \u00d7 V<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u54ea\u91cc\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u4e59<\/strong> \u662f\u603b\u80fd\u91cf\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u03c1E<\/strong> \u662f\u80fd\u91cf\u5bc6\u5ea6\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>V<\/strong> \u662f\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u5b87\u5b99\u7684\u4f53\u79ef\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd1\u4f3c\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>E \u2248 2 \u00d7 10\u2076\u2078 kJ<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u6240\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u5b87\u5b99\u5b66\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u4f53\u79ef\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u4f30\u8ba1\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u662f\u5bf9\u7269\u7406\u7269\u8d28\u4e2d\u6240\u542b\u603b\u80fd\u91cf\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u6d4b\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u5f3a\u8c03\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u8ba1\u7b97\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u786e\u5b9a\u6574\u4e2a\u5b87\u5b99\u7684\u603b\u80fd\u91cf\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u6574\u4e2a\u5b87\u5b99\u662f\u5426\u662f\u65e0\u9650\u7684\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u52a8\u6001\u65f6\u7a7a\u7684\u603b\u80fd\u91cf\u6bd4\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u5c06\u9759\u6b62\u5bb9\u5668\u5185\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u76f8\u52a0\u8981\u590d\u6742\u5f97\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u5b57\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u4eec\u4e0a\u5e1d\u62e5\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u80fd\u91cf\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u5b87\u5b99\u7269\u7406\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. \u6211\u7684\u8bba\u6587\uff1a\u6697\u80fd\u91cf\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u795e\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u7684\u4f53\u73b0<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u8003\u5bdf\u4e86\u79d1\u5b66\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f6c\u5411\u54f2\u5b66\u548c\u7cbe\u795e\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u6697\u80fd\u91cf\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u4e3b\u795e\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u7684\u4f53\u73b0\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5b83\u4ece\u7cbe\u795e\u7ef4\u5ea6\u7ef4\u6301\u548c\u7edf\u6cbb\u5b87\u5b99\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6211\u7684\u8bba\u70b9\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u89e3\u91ca\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u54f2\u5b66\u5047\u8bbe\u6765\u8fa9\u62a4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u4e3b\u795e\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u88ab\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u4f4d\u4e8e\u7a7a\u95f4\u7279\u5b9a\u70b9\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u7269\u4f53\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cbe\u795e\u5b9e\u4f53\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4ed6\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u666e\u901a\u7684\u7269\u7406\u4eea\u5668\u6765\u6d4b\u91cf\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u6211\u4eec\u6d4b\u91cf\u6052\u661f\u7684\u6e29\u5ea6\u6216\u884c\u661f\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u4e00\u6837\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4fe1\u5f92\u53ef\u80fd\u5c06\u5b87\u5b99\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u6cd5\u5219\u548c\u6f14\u5316\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u4e0a\u5e1d\u610f\u5fd7\u548c\u521b\u9020\u529b\u7684\u4f53\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u79cd\u7406\u89e3\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u51e0\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u4e0a\u53d1\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5.1.\u770b\u4e0d\u89c1\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u53ca\u5176\u770b\u5f97\u89c1\u7684\u5f71\u54cd<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e38\u5e38\u901a\u8fc7\u67d0\u4e8b\u7269\u7684\u540e\u679c\u6765\u786e\u5b9a\u5b83\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u65e0\u6cd5\u7528\u8089\u773c\u76f4\u63a5\u770b\u5230\u5f15\u529b\u573a\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6d4b\u91cf\u7269\u4f53\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u65e0\u6cd5\u76f4\u63a5\u770b\u5230\u7535\u78c1\u573a\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6d4b\u91cf\u5b83\u5bf9\u5e26\u7535\u7c92\u5b50\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f8b\u5b50\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u4ec5\u4ec5\u9690\u5f62\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u963b\u6b62\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5e76\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u770b\u4e0d\u89c1\u7684\u73b0\u5b9e\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u6b64\u7c7b\u63a8\uff0c\u6211\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u8bba\u70b9\u662f\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u4e3b\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u8d85\u8d8a\u4e86\u7269\u8d28\u7ef4\u5ea6\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u76f4\u63a5\u88ab\u611f\u5b98\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u4fe1\u5f92\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u521b\u9020\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u548c\u79e9\u5e8f\u6765\u601d\u8003\u4ed6\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p 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class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u7269\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u6700\u7ec8\u539f\u56e0\u548c\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u4e3b\u5f20\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u63cf\u8ff0\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3\u6570\u5b66\u65b9\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u66f4\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u662f\uff0c\u4fe1\u5f92\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u52a0\u901f\u81a8\u80c0\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u4e0a\u5e1d\u521b\u9020\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u58f0\u79f0\u89c2\u5bdf\u5df2\u7ecf\u8bc1\u660e\u4e0a\u5e1d\u662f\u6697\u80fd\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6. \u5723\u7ecf\u5bf9\u5b87\u5b99\u548c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u770b\u6cd5\uff1f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7684\u5b87\u5b99\u89c2\u4e0e\u51e0\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u5723\u7ecf\u89c2\u5ff5\u6709\u5173\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u7b2c\u4e00\uff1a\u5b87\u5b99\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u521b\u9020\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201c\u8d77\u521d\uff0c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u521b\u9020\u4e86\u5929\u5730\u3002\u201d<br>\u2014\u2014\u521b\u4e16\u8bb0 1:1\uff08\u94a6\u5b9a\u7248\uff09<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff1a\u521b\u9020\u89c1\u8bc1\u4e86\u795e\u7684\u4f1f\u5927\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201c\u8bf8\u5929\u8ff0\u8bf4\u795e\u7684\u8363\u8000\uff1b\u7a79\u82cd\u8ff0\u8bf4\u4ed6\u7684\u624b\u6bb5\u3002\u201d<br>\u2014\u2014\u8bd7\u7bc7 19:1\uff08\u8a79\u59c6\u65af\u56fd\u738b\u7248\uff09<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p 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class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u53cd\u5bf9\u4fe1\u4ef0\u3002\u5bf9\u5b87\u5b99\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a0\u6df1\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u5176\u89c4\u6a21\u3001\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u89c4\u5f8b\u7684\u597d\u5947\u611f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u662f\u5bf9\u81ea\u7136\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u795e\u5b66\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7279\u5b9a\u7269\u7406\u5047\u8bbe\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u8bc1\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7. \u79d1\u5b66\u80fd\u8bc1\u660e\u6697\u80fd\u91cf\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u5417\uff1f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u662f\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5173\u952e\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u666e\u904d\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u8bc1\u660e\u6697\u80fd\u91cf\u662f\u4e3b\u795e\u7684\u663e\u73b0\u3002\u89c2\u6d4b\u8868\u660e\u5b87\u5b99\u7684\u81a8\u80c0\u6b63\u5728\u52a0\u901f\uff0c\u800c\u5b87\u5b99\u5b66\u6a21\u578b\u901a\u8fc7\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u89c2\u6d4b\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u8fd9\u79cd\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e3a\u4e86\u4f7f\u795e\u5723\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u8bba\u70b9\u5728\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u7269\u7406\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u53d8\u5f97\u53ef\u4ee5\u79d1\u5b66\u5730\u68c0\u9a8c\uff0c\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u5177\u4f53\u8bf4\u660e\u5b83\u6240\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u89c2\u5bdf\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5e76\u89e3\u91ca\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9884\u6d4b\u4e0e\u73b0\u6709\u7269\u7406\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u6709\u4f55\u4e0d\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ec5\u4ec5\u65ad\u8a00\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u662f\u65e0\u5f62\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u81ea\u52a8\u63d0\u4f9b\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u68c0\u9a8c\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u54f2\u5b66\u95ee\u9898\u6beb\u65e0\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5fc5\u987b\u533a\u5206\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u5c42\u6b21\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u79d1\u5b66\u6c34\u5e73\uff1a<\/strong> \u5b87\u5b99\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u81a8\u80c0\u7684\uff1f\u6697\u80fd\u91cf\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u5bc6\u5ea6\u662f\u591a\u5c11\uff1f\u4ec0\u4e48\u6570\u5b66\u5b9a\u5f8b\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u89c2\u5bdf\u7ed3\u679c\uff1f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u54f2\u5b66\u548c\u795e\u5b66\u5c42\u9762\uff1a<\/strong> \u5b87\u5b99\u4e3a\u4f55\u5b58\u5728\uff1f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6709\u81ea\u7136\u6cd5\u5219\uff1f\u5b87\u5b99\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u662f\u5426\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u7ec8\u6781\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u539f\u56e0\uff1f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ec4\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u89c2\u5bdf\u548c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6765\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u6d89\u53ca\u54f2\u5b66\u8bba\u8bc1\u3001\u5f62\u800c\u4e0a\u5b66\u5047\u8bbe\u548c\u5b97\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6211\u7684\u7acb\u573a\u662f\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u795e\u5b66\u89e3\u91ca\u4e0d\u88ab\u5448\u73b0\u4e3a\u5df2\u7ecf\u786e\u7acb\u7684\u7269\u7406\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e00\u8d77\u8003\u8651\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">8. \u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\uff1a\u7269\u8d28\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e0e\u7cbe\u795e\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e4b\u95f4\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u6a21\u578b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u5c55\u6210\u4e3a\u5c06\u5b87\u5b99\u5b66\u3001\u79d1\u5b66\u54f2\u5b66\u548c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u795e\u5b66\u7ed3\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u7684\u8de8\u5b66\u79d1\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u9886\u57df\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u68c0\u67e5\u6697\u80fd\u91cf\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u6a21\u578b<\/strong> \u2014\u2014\u5305\u62ec\u5b87\u5b99\u5e38\u6570\u3001\u52a8\u529b\u573a\u548c\u5f15\u529b\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3\u7406\u8bba\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5206\u6790\u9690\u5f62\u539f\u56e0\u7684\u6982\u5ff5<\/strong> \u2014\u2014\u533a\u5206\u901a\u8fc7\u53ef\u6d4b\u91cf\u6548\u5e94\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u7269\u7406\u91cf\u4e0e\u5173\u4e8e\u5b87\u5b99\u7ec8\u6781\u539f\u56e0\u7684\u5f62\u800c\u4e0a\u5b66\u4e3b\u5f20\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5c06\u7814\u7a76\u7ed3\u679c\u4e0e\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u795e\u5b66\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83<\/strong> \u2014\u2014\u5ba1\u89c6\u4e0a\u5e1d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u521b\u9020\u8005\u548c\u7ef4\u6301\u4e8b\u4e1a\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5236\u5b9a\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u5047\u8bbe<\/strong> \u2014\u2014\u786e\u5b9a\u4e0a\u5e1d\u662f\u6697\u80fd\u91cf\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u6697\u80fd\u91cf\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u521b\u9020\u7684\u7269\u7406\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u662f\u6240\u6709\u7269\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6240\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u6700\u7ec8\u539f\u56e0\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u4e09\u79cd\u8868\u8ff0\u5e76\u4e0d\u7b49\u540c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u6697\u80fd\u91cf\u5177\u6709\u4e0e\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5df2\u7ecf\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7279\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8ba4\u771f\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u8bba\u6587\u5fc5\u987b\u6e05\u6670\u5730\u9610\u8ff0\uff0c\u5176\u79d1\u5b66\u5047\u8bbe\u4e0e\u795e\u5b66\u627f\u8bfa\u6709\u6240\u533a\u522b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">9. \u7ed3\u8bba\uff1a\u770b\u4e0d\u89c1\u7684\u5b87\u5b99\u53ca\u5176\u521b\u9020\u8005\u7684\u95ee\u9898<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u73b0\u4ee3\u79d1\u5b66\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b87\u5b99\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u719f\u6089\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u4ec5\u5360\u5176\u603b\u5b87\u5b99\u542b\u91cf\u7684\u4e00\u5c0f\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u6697\u7269\u8d28\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5176\u5f15\u529b\u5f71\u54cd\u6765\u63a8\u65ad\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u6697\u80fd\u91cf\u5219\u4e0e\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u52a0\u901f\u81a8\u80c0\u6709\u5173\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5b87\u5b99\u5b66\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u91cd\u5927\u8fdb\u5c55\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e9b\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u4ecd\u7136\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u6e05\u695a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u54f2\u5b66\u53cd\u601d\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7269\u7406\u5b9a\u5f8b\u80cc\u540e\u662f\u5426\u6709\u66f4\u6df1\u5c42\u6b21\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff1f\u5b87\u5b99\u662f\u5426\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7269\u7406\u73b0\u5b9e\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5176\u5b58\u5728\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u7ec8\u6781\u7cbe\u795e\u539f\u56e0\u7684\u521b\u9020\u7269\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5bf9\u4e8e\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u7b54\u6848\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\uff1a\u4e3b\u795e\u662f\u5b87\u5b99\u7684\u521b\u9020\u8005\uff0c\u5e76\u7ef4\u6301\u7740\u53d7\u9020\u7269\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u4e0d\u5fc5\u88ab\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u671b\u8fdc\u955c\u62cd\u6444\u6216\u4ee5\u5343\u7126\u8033\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u6d4b\u91cf\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6697\u80fd\u91cf\u6216\u8bb8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u53cd\u601d\u8fd9\u79cd\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\uff0c\u4f46\u5c1a\u672a\u79d1\u5b66\u5730\u8bc1\u5b9e\u6697\u80fd\u91cf\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u672c\u6587\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u8bba\u70b9\u662f\uff0c\u5bf9\u65e0\u5f62\u5b87\u5b99\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5bf9\u4e0a\u5e1d\u65e0\u5f62\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5bf9\u8bdd\u4e2d\u63a2\u7d22\u3002<\/strong> \u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u5b87\u5b99\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u800c\u4fe1\u4ef0\u5219\u4e3a\u5176\u521b\u9020\u8005\u548c\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u63d0\u4f9b\u7b54\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e5f\u8bb8\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u7814\u7a76\u5b87\u5b99\u4e2d\u5b66\u5230\u7684\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6559\u8bad\u662f\u9762\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u5c1a\u672a\u5b8c\u5168\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u73b0\u5b9e\u65f6\u4fdd\u6301\u8c26\u900a\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u8d8a\u591a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u8d8a\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u6211\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4fe1\u5f92\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u505c\u6b62\u63a2\u7d22\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u7406\u7531\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u9080\u8bf7\u4eba\u4eec\u7ee7\u7eed\u5c06\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u7cbe\u786e\u6027\u4e0e\u7cbe\u795e\u53cd\u601d\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\u6765\u5bfb\u6c42\u771f\u7406\uff0c\u5e76\u627f\u8ba4\u4e3b\u795e\u7684\u4f1f\u5927\u548c\u529b\u91cf\u2014\u2014\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e3b\u795e\u5c31\u662f\u9053\u8def\u3001\u771f\u7406\u548c\u751f\u547d\uff1b\u4ed6\u662f\u963f\u62c9\u6cd5\u548c\u4fc4\u6885\u621b\uff0c\u4e07\u6709\u90fd\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4ed6\u800c\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u3002\u4e3b\u795e\u4e0d\u4ec5\u521b\u9020\u4e86\u5b87\u5b99\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u8fd8\u770b\u987e\u3001\u6cbb\u7406\u7740\u5b87\u5b99\uff1b\u786e\u5b9e\uff0c\u6240\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u7684\u6240\u8c13\u6697\u80fd\u91cf\u548c\u6697\u7269\u8d28\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u5de8\u5927\u548c\u5f3a\u5927\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u6e90\u81ea\u4e3b\u795e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6765\u6e90\u548c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u9605\u8bfb<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>NASA\u2014\u2014\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u6697\u80fd\u91cf\uff1f<\/strong> \u5b87\u5b99\u52a0\u901f\u81a8\u80c0\u548c\u4e3b\u8981\u79d1\u5b66\u5047\u8bbe\u7684\u6982\u8ff0\u3002<br><a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/dark-energy\/\">https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/dark-energy\/<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>NASA\u2014\u2014\u6697\u7269\u8d28\u3002<\/strong> \u89e3\u91ca\u6697\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\u4ee5\u53ca\u6697\u7269\u8d28\u548c\u6697\u80fd\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u533a\u522b\u3002<br><a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/dark-matter\/\">https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/dark-matter\/<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u666e\u6717\u514b\u5408\u4f5c\uff082020\uff09\u3002<\/strong> \u201c\u666e\u6717\u514b 2018 \u5e74\u7ed3\u679c\u3002VI\u3002\u5b87\u5b99\u5b66\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u201d <em>\u5929\u6587\u5b66 &amp; \u5929\u4f53\u7269\u7406\u5b66<\/em>\uff0c641\uff0cA6\u3002<br><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1051\/0004-6361\/201833910\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1051\/0004-6361\/201833910<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5723\u7ecf\u3002<\/strong> \u521b\u4e16\u8bb0 1:1;\u8bd7\u7bc7 19:1\uff1b\u7f57\u9a6c\u4e66 1:20;\u5e0c\u4f2f\u6765\u4e66 1:3\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<p 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