Here is a list of some important shell commands:
—- Using Screen command
screen -ls — for a list of avaliable active screens
screen -x …. – the Name from -ls output to join to this active screen
Go out of the Screen with ‘ctrl a+d’ without stopping it
—- Harddisk and folder size
df -h – filesystemsize
du -sh * – shows the size of every folder
—- Who
whoami – list current user in current window
who – list all users logged onto the Workstation
—- Copy file to other Computer
scp filename username@ip-address:/filepath
filename is the file to copy and the rest is the Informationen for the remote Computer. You will be asked for a Password of the remote user.
—- Show Users List
cat /etc/passwd | cut -d: -f1
—- System information commands
dmesg – (for “diagnostic message”) is a command on Unix-like operating systems that prints the message buffer of the kernel. This buffer contains a variety of important messages from those printed during boot to those used for debugging software.
lspci -tv – Shows bridjes and main board
lshw – Information about installed devices
/usr/sbin/prtconf -v | more – Shows the RAM in Unix System
—- Show Linux version
uname -r
cat /proc/version
—- kill commands
kill -15 pid — is graceful Kill
kill -9 pid — is forcible Kill
—- Shows which files are open from the process
pfiles processid
—- Find a file per name
find /as -name *stat
—- Debug script
sh -x script
—- Vi commands
esc – in command mode
a – append
i – insert
q – quit
w – write
x – backspace
d – delete
shift g – springt am last line of text
:^g – list current line number
:set number – show line numbers
Cut/Paste Commands:
x – delete one character (destructive backspace)
dw – delete the current word (Note: ndw deletes n numbered words)
dd – delete the current line (Note: ndd deletes n numbered lines)
D – delete all content to the right of the cursor
d$ – same as above
:u – undo last command
Searching and Substitution commands:
/ [string] – search forward for string
? [string] – search backwards for string
Entering the Insert Mode:
i – Begin inserting text at current cursor location
I – Begin inserting text at the beginning of the current line
a – Begin appending text, one character to the right of current cursor location
shift a – Begin appending text at the end of the current line
o/O – Begin entering text one line below\above current line
ESC – Exit insertion mode and return to command mode
—- Less commands
g – go in the begining
shift g – go ende
shift 7 – Search
shift ß – Search backwards
n – go to next search match
shift n – go to before search match
—- find command
find . -name “*Sync*” -exec grep -l “501000093347053” {} \;
– finds in the current Folder all files with Name Sync, who have the string XXXX in it
—- Move files with script
ls junk* | awk ‘{print “mv “$0″ ../iraf/”$0″.dat”}’ | csh
—- Using Nohup with sqlplus
nohup sqlplus username/password @/home/sdmtest/..sql name & — the Output is in nohup.out
— remove all empty lines from a file
egrep -v ‘^$’ nohup.out > newfile.txt
—- tr command
tr [-c] [-d] [-s] [string1] [string2] output_file.txt
-c Complement the set of characters specified by string1.
-d Delete all occurrences of input characters that are specified by string1.
-s Replace instances of repeated characters with a single character.
string1 First string or character to be changed.
string2 Second string or character to change the string1.
tr -d ‘\t’ newfile — delete all Tabs from a File
—- ls commands
ls -lrt — Shows sorted file output
— show Variables value
echo $variable Name – Shows the variable
set – list of all set Variabels
—- Archivieren
tar -cf – file.dat | gzip -c > blabla.tgz — file.dat will be archived in blabla.tgz
tar -cf – * | gzip -c > blabla.tgz — all files from the Folder will be added to archive
– Shows whats in Archive without unzip
gunzip -c blsbvs.tgz | tar tvf –
– unzip only some files from archive
gunzip -c datejname | tar -xf – dateinamen mit pfad
– better compression
cat file1 file2 | gzip > foo.gz
– list the contents of a tar.gz file
tar -ztvf file.tar.gz
# t: List the contents of an archive
# v: Verbosely list files processed (display detailed information)
# z: Filter the archive through gzip so that we can open compressed (decompress) .gz tar file
—- delete recursively a folder with all elements in it
rm -r foldername
— change owner
ls -l – see user – group
chown user:group filename
— change file access rights
chmod u=rwx, g=rwx filename
chmod 777 filename
—- Examples for regular expressions:
# smug {search files for lines with ‘smug’}
# ‘^smug’ {‘smug’ at the start of a line}
# ‘smug$’ {‘smug’ at the end of a line}
# ‘^smug$’ {lines containing only ‘smug’}
# ‘\^s’ {lines starting with ‘^s’, “\” escapes the ^}
# ‘[Ss]mug’ {search for ‘Smug’ or ‘smug’}
# ‘B[oO][bB]’ {search for BOB, Bob, BOb or BoB }
# ‘^$’ {search for blank lines}
# ‘[0-9][0-9]’ {search for pairs of numeric digits}
# ‘[a-zA-Z]’ {any line with at least one letter}
# ‘[^a-zA-Z0-9] {anything not a letter or number}
# ‘[0-9]\{3\}-[0-9]\{4\}’ {999-9999, like phone numbers}
# ‘^.$’ {lines with exactly one character}
# ‘”smug”‘ {‘smug’ within double quotes}
# ‘”*smug”*’ {‘smug’, with or without quotes}
# ‘^\.’ {any line that starts with a Period “.”}
# ‘^\.[a-z][a-z]’ {line start with “.” and 2 lc letters}
—- Unix Commands list
http://www.computerhope.com/unix.htm
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